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Ernest Rutherford, 1st Baron Rutherford of Nelson (30 August 1871 – 19 October 1937) was a New Zealand physicist who was a pioneering researcher in both atomic and nuclear physics. He has been described as "the father of nuclear physics", [ 7 ] and "the greatest experimentalist since Michael Faraday ". [ 8 ]
Electron discovered by J. J. Thomson [4] 1899 Alpha particle discovered by Ernest Rutherford in uranium radiation [5] 1900 Gamma ray (a high-energy photon) discovered by Paul Villard in uranium decay [6] 1911 Atomic nucleus identified by Ernest Rutherford, based on scattering observed by Hans Geiger and Ernest Marsden [7] 1919
1918 Ernest Rutherford notices that, when alpha particles were shot into nitrogen gas, his scintillation detectors showed the signatures of hydrogen nuclei. 1921 Alfred Landé introduces the Landé g-factor; 1922 Arthur Compton studies X-ray photon scattering by electrons demonstrating the 'particle' aspect of electromagnetic radiation.
Discovered that electric attraction and repulsion can act across a vacuum and does not depend upon the air as a medium. He also added resin to the then-known list of "electrics". 1678: Christiaan Huygens: Stated his theory to the French Academy of Sciences that light is a wave-like phenomenon. 1687: Sir Isaac Newton
Rutherford: Being the Life and Letters of the Rt. Hon. Lord Rutherford, O. M. MacMillan. Ernest Rutherford (1899). "Uranium Radiation and the Electrical conduction Produced by it". Philosophical Magazine. 47 (284): 109– 163. Ernest Rutherford (1911). "The Scattering of α and β Particles by Matter and the Structure of the Atom" (PDF).
Rutherford's model, being supported primarily by scattering data unfamiliar to many scientists, did not catch on until Niels Bohr joined Rutherford's lab and developed a new model for the electrons. [54]: 304 Rutherford model predicted that the scattering of alpha particles would be proportional to the square of the atomic charge.
The planet is significantly hotter and a bit larger than Earth, so one possibility is that it is a 'water world' with an atmosphere of hot steam." Show comments Advertisement
Ernest Rutherford and Frederick Soddy identified two of Becquerel's forms of radiation with electrons and the element helium. Rutherford identified and named two types of radioactivity and in 1911 interpreted experimental evidence as showing that the atom consists of a dense, positively charged nucleus surrounded by negatively charged electrons.