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An inertial navigation system (INS; also inertial guidance system, inertial instrument) is a navigation device that uses motion sensors (accelerometers), rotation sensors and a computer to continuously calculate by dead reckoning the position, the orientation, and the velocity (direction and speed of movement) of a moving object without the ...
Guidance, navigation and control (abbreviated GNC, GN&C, or G&C) is a branch of engineering dealing with the design of systems to control the movement of vehicles, especially, automobiles, ships, aircraft, and spacecraft. In many cases these functions can be performed by trained humans.
A guidance system is usually part of a Guidance, navigation and control system, whereas navigation refers to the systems necessary to calculate the current position and orientation based on sensor data like those from compasses, GPS receivers, Loran-C, star trackers, inertial measurement units, altimeters, etc.
From this work it is recommended to use the Cholesky decomposition method. In addition to aircraft applications, GPS/INS has also been studied for automobile applications such as autonomous navigation, [ 13 ] [ 14 ] vehicle dynamics control, [ 15 ] or sideslip, roll, and tire cornering stiffness estimation.
Inertial guidance uses sensitive measurement devices to calculate the location of the missile due to the acceleration put on it after leaving a known position. Early mechanical systems were not very accurate, and required some sort of external adjustment to allow them to hit targets even the size of a city.
Hemispherical Resonator Gyroscope (HRG) The hemispherical resonator gyroscope (HRG), also called wine-glass gyroscope or mushroom gyro, is a compact, low-noise, high-performance angular rate or rotation sensor.
The LN-4 is a miniature inertial system for "a manned orbital vehicle" [15] The LN-5 is a (1963)"state of the art experimentation astro-inertial system installed in a Convair 340 R4Y ". [16] The LN-7C is the inertial component of the AN/ASN-53 stellar-inertial-Doppler system used on RC-135C aircraft in the late 1960s, early 1970s. [17]
Unlike other methods of navigation, inertial guidance does not rely on observations of land positions or the stars, radio or radar signals, or any other information from outside the vehicle. Instead, the inertial navigator provides the guidance information using gyroscopes that indicate direction and accelerometers that measure changes in speed ...