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  2. Mixed acid fermentation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixed_acid_fermentation

    The mixed acid fermentation pathway in E. coli. [1] [2] End products are highlighted in blue.In biochemistry, mixed acid fermentation is the metabolic process by which a six-carbon sugar (e.g. glucose, C 6 H 12 O 6) is converted into a complex and variable mixture of acids.

  3. Escherichia coli - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escherichia_coli

    E. coli is a chemoheterotroph whose chemically defined medium must include a source of carbon and energy. [16] E. coli is the most widely studied prokaryotic model organism, and an important species in the fields of biotechnology and microbiology, where it has served as the host organism for the majority of work with recombinant DNA. Under ...

  4. Bioseparation of 1,3-propanediol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioseparation_of_1,3-pro...

    However, DuPont has managed to engineer a strain of Escherichia coli (E. coli), [4] a common bacterium, to allow industrial-scale production of 1,3-propanediol by fermentation of glucose. After the E. coli produce sufficient BioPDO product, DuPont uses a method to separate the BioPDO from the cellular broth that comes out of the bioreactor ...

  5. MacConkey agar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacConkey_agar

    A variant, sorbitol-MacConkey agar, (with the addition of additional selective agents) can assist in the isolation and differentiation of enterohemorrhagic E. coli serotype O157:H7, by the presence of colorless circular colonies that are non-sorbitol fermenting. [4]

  6. Coliform bacteria - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coliform_bacteria

    Escherichia coli have an incubation period of 12–72 hours with the optimal growth temperature being 37 °C. Unlike the general coliform group, E. coli are almost exclusively of fecal origin and their presence is thus an effective confirmation of fecal contamination. Most strains of E. coli are harmless, but some can cause serious illness in ...

  7. Facultative anaerobic organism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facultative_anaerobic_organism

    A facultative anaerobic organism is an organism that makes ATP by aerobic respiration if oxygen is present, but is capable of switching to fermentation if oxygen is absent. [1] [2] Some examples of facultatively anaerobic bacteria are Staphylococcus spp., [3] Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Listeria spp., [4] Shewanella oneidensis and Yersinia ...

  8. Aerobic fermentation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerobic_fermentation

    Aerobic fermentation evolved independently in at least three yeast lineages (Saccharomyces, Dekkera, Schizosaccharomyces). [4] It has also been observed in plant pollen, [5] trypanosomatids, [6] mutated E. coli, [7] and tumor cells. [8]

  9. Microbial food cultures - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbial_food_cultures

    Microbial food cultures are live bacteria, yeasts or moulds used in food production. Microbial food cultures carry out the fermentation process in foodstuffs. Used by humans since the Neolithic period (around 10 000 years BC) [1] fermentation helps to preserve perishable foods and to improve their nutritional and organoleptic qualities (in this case, taste, sight, smell, touch).