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A ping of death is a type of attack on a computer system that involves sending a malformed or otherwise malicious ping to a computer. [1] In this attack, a host sends hundreds of ping requests with a packet size that is large or illegal to another host to try to take it offline or to keep it preoccupied responding with ICMP Echo replies. [2]
When a ping of death is initiated, it is my understanding that the command used, i.e. "ping -l 65536" will cause an oversized ping packet to be sent to the host by inserting 65536 bytes into the ICMP data field. As the ping is sending, then ICMP makes an ICMP_ECHO_REQUEST and this ICMP_ECHO_REQUEST is 65536 bytes.
The round-trip time or ping time is the time from the start of the transmission from the sending node until a response (for example an ACK packet or ping ICMP response) is received at the same node. It is affected by packet delivery time as well as the data processing delay , which depends on the load on the responding node.
The maximum TTL value is 255, the maximum value of a single octet. A recommended initial value is 64. [2] [3] The time-to-live value can be thought of as an upper bound on the time that an IP datagram can exist in an Internet system. The TTL field is set by the sender of the datagram, and reduced by every router on the route to its destination.
90 Sprite-RPC Sprite RPC Protocol 0x5B 91 LARP Locus Address Resolution Protocol: 0x5C 92 MTP Multicast Transport Protocol: 0x5D 93 AX.25 AX.25: 0x5E 94 OS KA9Q NOS compatible IP over IP tunneling: 0x5F 95 MICP Mobile Internetworking Control Protocol: 0x60 96 SCC-SP Semaphore Communications Sec. Pro 0x61 97 ETHERIP Ethernet-within-IP ...
When you get a message from a "MAILER-DAEMON" or a "Mail Delivery Subsystem" with a subject similar to "Failed Delivery," this means that an email you sent was undeliverable and has been bounced back to you.
In actuality, a 64 kilobyte file is 64 × 1,024 × 8 bits in size and the 64 k circuit will transmit bits at a rate of 64 × 1,000 bit/s, so the amount of time taken to transmit a 64 kilobyte file over the 64 k circuit will be at least (64 × 1,024 × 8)/(64 × 1,000) seconds, which works out to be 8.192 seconds.
~ 10 58 bits – thermodynamic entropy of the sun [29] (about 30 bits per proton, plus 10 bits per electron). 2 230: 10 69 ~ 10 69 bits – thermodynamic entropy of the Milky Way Galaxy (counting only the stars, not the black holes within the galaxy) [citation needed] 2 255: 10 77: 1.5 × 10 77 bits – information content of a one-solar-mass ...