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  2. Economic model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_model

    The economic model is a simplified, often mathematical, framework designed to illustrate complex processes. Frequently, economic models posit structural parameters . [ 1 ] A model may have various exogenous variables , and those variables may change to create various responses by economic variables.

  3. Scarcity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scarcity

    Scarcity also includes an individual's lack of resources to buy commodities. [2] The opposite of scarcity is abundance. Scarcity plays a key role in economic theory, and it is essential for a "proper definition of economics itself". [3] "The best example is perhaps Walras' definition of social wealth, i.e., economic goods. [3] 'By social wealth ...

  4. Mathematical economics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_economics

    Mathematical economics is the application of mathematical methods to represent theories and analyze problems in economics.Often, these applied methods are beyond simple geometry, and may include differential and integral calculus, difference and differential equations, matrix algebra, mathematical programming, or other computational methods.

  5. List of mathematical examples - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_mathematical_examples

    This page will attempt to list examples in mathematics. To qualify for inclusion, an article should be about a mathematical object with a fair amount of concreteness. Usually a definition of an abstract concept, a theorem, or a proof would not be an "example" as the term should be understood here (an elegant proof of an isolated but particularly striking fact, as opposed to a proof of a ...

  6. Mathematical model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_model

    The use of mathematical models to solve problems in business or military operations is a large part of the field of operations research. Mathematical models are also used in music, [3] linguistics, [4] and philosophy (for example, intensively in analytic philosophy). A model may help to explain a system and to study the effects of different ...

  7. Marginal rate of substitution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marginal_rate_of_substitution

    Under the standard assumption of neoclassical economics that goods and services are continuously divisible, the marginal rates of substitution will be the same regardless of the direction of exchange, and will correspond to the slope of an indifference curve (more precisely, to the slope multiplied by −1) passing through the consumption bundle in question, at that point: mathematically, it ...

  8. Game theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_theory

    Game theory could also help predict a nation's responses when there is a new rule or law to be applied to that nation. One example is Peter John Wood's (2013) research looking into what nations could do to help reduce climate change. Wood thought this could be accomplished by making treaties with other nations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions ...

  9. Mathematical sociology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_sociology

    Some examples are: (1) Collaborative work on theoretical, statistical and mathematical problems in biased net theory. [47] (2) Collaborative contributions to Expectation States Theory. [48] (3) Collaborative contributions to Elementary Theory. [49] (4) Collaboration with Bruce Mayhew in a structuralist research program. [50]