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Accelerated curing is any method by which high early age strength is achieved in concrete. These techniques are especially useful in the prefabrication industry, wherein high early age strength enables the removal of the formwork within 24 hours, thereby reducing the cycle time, resulting in cost-saving benefits. [ 1 ]
The addition of an accelerator speeds the setting time and thus cure time starts earlier. [1] This allows concrete to be placed in winter with reduced risk of frost damage. [2] Concrete is damaged if it does not reach a strength of 500 pounds per square inch (3.4 MPa) before freezing. [3]: 19
Concrete is a composite material composed of aggregate bonded together with a fluid cement that cures to a solid over time. Concrete is the second-most-used substance in the world after water, [1] and is the most widely used building material. [2] Its usage worldwide, ton for ton, is twice that of steel, wood, plastics, and aluminium combined. [3]
The main factors influencing temperature variation in the mass concrete structure are: the size of the structure, the ambient temperature, the initial temperature of the concrete at the time of placement and curing program, the cement type, and the cement contents in the mix.
Concrete has a very low coefficient of thermal expansion, and as it matures concrete shrinks. All concrete structures will crack to some extent, due to shrinkage and tension. Concrete which is subjected to long-duration forces is prone to creep. The density of concrete varies, but is around 2,400 kilograms per cubic metre (150 lb/cu ft). [1]
[33] [37] Solidia Technologies fires its brick and precast concrete at lower temperatures and cures them with CO 2 gas, claiming to reduce its carbon emissions by 30%. [33] [37] Carbonaide uses carbon dioxide in the curing phase of precast concrete production and has demonstrated up to 40% savings in cement consumption with their first client. [40]
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The curing of concrete when it continues to harden after its initial setting and progressively develops its mechanical strength is a critical phase to avoid unwanted cracks in concrete. Depending on the temperature (summer or winter conditions) and thus on the cement hydration kinetics controlling the setting and hardening rate of concrete ...