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1984 R. v. Guerin 2 S.C.R. 335 was a landmark Supreme Court of Canada decision on aboriginal rights where the Court first stated that the government has a fiduciary duty towards the First Nations of Canada and established aboriginal title to be a sui generis right. The Musqueam Indian band won their case. 1985 Bill C-31.
The ratifying of the Slavery Convention by Canada in 1953 began the country's international commitments to address modern slavery. [58] Human trafficking in Canada is a legal and political issue, and Canadian legislators have been criticized for having failed to deal with the problem in a more systematic way. [ 59 ]
The federal government did provide emergency relief, on condition of the Indigenous peoples moving to the Indian reserve. [14] Today, these agreements are upheld by the Government of Canada, administered by Canadian Aboriginal law and overseen by the Minister of Crown–Indigenous Relations. They are often criticized and are a leading issue ...
The Supreme Court of Canada rules in the Calder v British Columbia (AG) case that aboriginal title existed prior to the existence of the colonial government and was not a matter of Canadian law alone. The case recognized Nisga'a Nation aboriginal title. The ruling would lead the Government of Canada to update its land claims negotiation process ...
The associations exist between the Aboriginal peoples and the reigning monarch of Canada; as was stated in the proposed First Nations – Federal Crown Political Accord: "cooperation will be a cornerstone for partnership between Canada and First Nations, wherein Canada is the short-form reference to Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada". [109]
"Residential Schools in Canada: A Timeline" (2020) – Historica Canada (3:59min) Beginning in 1874 and lasting until 1996, [ 95 ] the Canadian government, in partnership with the dominant Christian Churches, [ 96 ] ran 130 residential boarding schools across Canada for Indigenous children, who were forcibly taken from their homes.
During the late 15th century is estimated to have been between 200,000 [27] and two million, [28] with a figure of 500,000 currently accepted by Canada's Royal Commission on Aboriginal Health. [29] Although not without conflict, European Canadians ' early interactions with First Nations and Inuit populations were relatively peaceful. [ 30 ]
The Underground Railroad was a secret network that helped African Americans escape from slavery in the South to free states in the north and to Canada. [4] Harriet Tubman helped enslaved Black people escape to Canada. [5] Around some 1,500 African Americans migrated to the Plains region of Canada in the years between 1905 and 1912.