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A closed curve is thus the image of a continuous mapping of a circle. A non-closed curve may also be called an open curve. If the domain of a topological curve is a closed and bounded interval = [,], the curve is called a path, also known as topological arc (or just arc).
By the Jordan curve theorem, a simple closed curve divides the plane into interior and exterior regions, and another equivalent definition of a closed convex curve is that it is a simple closed curve whose union with its interior is a convex set. [9] [17] Examples of open and unbounded convex curves include the graphs of convex functions.
A Jordan curve or a simple closed curve in the plane R 2 is the image C of an injective continuous map of a circle into the plane, φ: S 1 → R 2. A Jordan arc in the plane is the image of an injective continuous map of a closed and bounded interval [a, b] into the plane. It is a plane curve that is not necessarily smooth nor algebraic.
In the case of a plane simple closed curve (that is, a curve in the plane whose starting point is also the end point and which has no other self-intersections), the curve is said to be positively oriented or counterclockwise oriented, if one always has the curve interior to the left (and consequently, the curve exterior to the right), when ...
This is a list of Wikipedia articles about curves used in different fields: mathematics (including geometry, statistics, and applied mathematics), ...
In geometry, a curve of constant width is a simple closed curve in the plane whose width (the distance between parallel supporting lines) is the same in all directions. The shape bounded by a curve of constant width is a body of constant width or an orbiform , the name given to these shapes by Leonhard Euler . [ 1 ]
A curve in the complex plane is defined as a continuous function from a closed interval of the real line to the complex plane: : [,]. This definition of a curve coincides with the intuitive notion of a curve, but includes a parametrization by a continuous function from a closed interval.
A simple polygon is a closed curve in the Euclidean plane consisting of straight line segments, meeting end-to-end to form a polygonal chain. [1] Two line segments meet at every endpoint, and there are no other points of intersection between the line segments. No proper subset of the line segments has the same properties. [2]