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Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), also known as Koch's bacillus, is a species of pathogenic bacteria in the family Mycobacteriaceae and the causative agent of tuberculosis. [1] [2] First discovered in 1882 by Robert Koch, M. tuberculosis has an unusual, waxy coating on its cell surface primarily due to the presence of mycolic acid.
In 2008, evidence for tuberculosis infection was discovered in human remains from the Neolithic era dating from 9,000 years ago, in Atlit Yam, a settlement in the eastern Mediterranean. [7] This finding was confirmed by morphological and molecular methods; to date it is the oldest evidence of tuberculosis infection in humans.
At the time, it was widely believed that tuberculosis was an inherited disease. However, Koch was convinced that the disease was caused by a bacterium and was infectious. In 1882, he published his findings on tuberculosis, in which he reported the causative agent of the disease to be the slow-growing Mycobacterium tuberculosis. [25]
Tuberculosis (TB), also known colloquially as the "white death", or historically as consumption, [7] is a contagious disease usually caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) bacteria. [1] Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs , but it can also affect other parts of the body. [ 1 ]
Robert Koch, who discovered the Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The first International Congress on Tuberculosis (German: Internationalen Tuberkulosekongress) was held at Berlin on the 24–27 May 1899. The congress was opened by Victor II, Duke of Ratibor in the presence of the Empress of Germany. [2]
Tuberculosis is a disease caused by a bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis, per the CDC. Tuberculosis spreads through the air from one person to another. Someone with an active infection ...
The German microbiologist Robert Koch had discovered, in 1882, that its pathogenic agent was the tubercle bacillus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and Louis Pasteur became interested in it too. In 1906, a veterinarian and immunologist working at the Institut Pasteur de Lille, Camille Guérin , established that immunity against tuberculosis was ...
Tuberculin was discovered in 1890 by Robert Koch. [3] Koch, best known for his work on the etiology (cause, origin) of tuberculosis (TB), laid down various rigorous guidelines that aided the establishment between a pathogen and the specific disease that followed that were later named Koch's postulates. [4]