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Periorbital hyperpigmentation, also known as hereditary dark circles, is characterized by darker skin around the eyes caused by the presence of additional melanin. It is an extremely common hereditary human characteristic and is frequently found on individuals with dark skin. Periorbital hyperpigmentation is most prevalent within the 16–25 ...
Hay fever sufferers in particular will notice under-eye "smudges" during the height of the allergy season. Atopy can lead to frequent rubbing of the eyes, leading to local inflammation and increased pigmentation. [4] Also, dark circles from allergies are caused by superficial venous congestion [5] in the capillaries under the eyes.
The signal due melanin deposits in the leptomeninges typical of neurocutaneous melanosis can be easily detected in MRI scans of patients under four months old. In patients above this age, there is some suggestion that normal brain myelination may partially obscure these signals.
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Ocular melanosis (OM) is a blue-gray and/or brown lesion of the conjunctiva that can be separated into benign conjunctival epithelial melanosis (BCEM) and primary acquired melanosis (PAM), of which the latter is considered a risk factor for uveal melanoma. [1]
Melanin is a class of pigment responsible for producing color in the body in places such as the eyes, skin, and hair. The process of melanin synthesis (melanogenesis) starts with the oxidation of l -tyrosine to l-dopa by the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase , then to l -dopaquinone and dopachrome , which forms melanin.
Melanosomes, which are organelles containing melanin, must be transported and increased during hyperpigmentation and tanning, while they shrink during hypopigmentation. [4] Skin pigmentation is frequently caused by sun exposure. To protect itself against UV radiation from the sun, the body makes more melanin. As a result, the skin may become ...
Melanocytes are melanin-producing neural crest-derived [3] cells located in the bottom layer (the stratum basale) of the skin's epidermis, the middle layer of the eye (the uvea), [4] the inner ear, [5] vaginal epithelium, [6] meninges, [7] bones, [8] and heart found in many mammals and birds. [9] Melanin is a dark pigment primarily responsible ...