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A physical or electronic signature of the owner of the trademark or the owner's agent. A complaint can be submitted by sending: A letter to: Trademark Complaint, Oath Inc., c/o Legal Department, 22000 AOL Way, Dulles, VA 20166; or; An email
In order to successfully assert a fair-use defense to a trademark infringement claim, the defendant must prove the three elements of the fair-use doctrine: (1) that the term was used in a way other than as a mark; (2) that the term was used to describe the goods or services offered or their geographic origin; and (3) that the use had been ...
Nominative fair use of a mark may also occur within the context of comparative advertising. [2] Under U.S. Supreme Court precedent, the fair use defense in trademark law is not precluded by the possibility of confusion. [3] However, courts may consider the possibility of confusion in analyzing whether a use is fair or not. [4]
The Lanham Act prohibits "the deceptive and misleading use of marks" to protect business owners "against unfair competition." [4] The Act defines trademarks as "any word, name, symbol, or device or any combination thereof" used by any person "to identify and distinguish his or her goods, including a unique product, from those manufactured or sold by others and to indicate the source of the ...
The nominative use doctrine was first enunciated in 1992 by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit in New Kids on the Block v. News America Publishing, Inc. [4] In New Kids on the Block, the court had examined a "New Kids on the Block survey" performed by the defendant, and found that there was no way to ask people their opinion of the band without using its name.
A defendant claiming fair use of a trademark does not have the burden of showing its use is not likely to cause confusion; Some consumer confusion regarding the origin of the goods or services is compatible with the fair use of a trademark. American Needle, Inc. v. NFL: 560 U.S. 183: 2010: 9–0: Non-Trademark: Antitrust Majority: Stevens ...