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This anisotropic emission causes the photons to carry away angular momentum from the dust grain. The Poynting–Robertson drag acts in the opposite direction to the dust grain's orbital motion, leading to a drop in the grain's angular momentum. While the dust grain thus spirals slowly into the star, its orbital speed increases continuously.
Dust particles are charged and the plasma and particles behave as a plasma. [1] [2] Dust particles may form larger particles resulting in "grain plasmas". Due to the additional complexity of studying plasmas with charged dust particles, dusty plasmas are also known as complex plasmas. [3]: 2 Dusty plasmas are encountered in: Space plasmas
A free particle with mass in non-relativistic quantum mechanics is described by the free Schrödinger equation: (,) = (,) where ψ is the wavefunction of the particle at position r and time t . The solution for a particle with momentum p or wave vector k , at angular frequency ω or energy E , is given by a complex plane wave :
Dust accelerator tests show that dust trajectories can be determined to an accuracy of 1% in velocity and 1° in direction. [98] The second element of a Dust Telescope is a Large-area Mass Analyzer: [99] a reflectron type time-of-flight mass analyzer with a sensitive area of up to 0.2 m 2 [100] and a mass resolution R > 150. It consists of a ...
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In 1923, Peter Debye and Erich Hückel reported the first successful theory for the distribution of charges in ionic solutions. [7] The framework of linearized Debye–Hückel theory subsequently was applied to colloidal dispersions by S. Levine and G. P. Dube [8] [9] who found that charged colloidal particles should experience a strong medium-range repulsion and a weaker long-range attraction.
Porous chondrite dust particle. Cosmic dust – also called extraterrestrial dust, space dust, or star dust – is dust that occurs in outer space or has fallen onto Earth. [1] [2] Most cosmic dust particles measure between a few molecules and 0.1 mm (100 μm), such as micrometeoroids (<30 μm) and meteoroids (>30 μm). [3]
In an adiabatic density perturbation, the fractional additional number density of each type of particle (baryons, photons, etc.) is the same. That is, if at one place there is a 1% higher number density of baryons than average, then at that place there is a 1% higher number density of photons (and a 1% higher number density in neutrinos) than ...