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Flap surgery is a technique essential to plastic and reconstructive surgery.A flap is defined as tissue that can be moved to another site and has its own blood supply.This is in comparison to a skin graft which does not have its own blood supply and relies on vascularization from the recipient site. [2]
The perforator propeller flap is the propeller flap which is used most commonly. It is a perforator flap with a skin island, which is separated in a larger and smaller paddle by the nourishing perforator. These paddles can rotate around the perforator (pedicle), for as many degrees as the anatomical situation requires (90-180 degrees).
The flap is incised and elevated over the periosteum from distal to proximal. [1] The flap consists of skin, subcutaneous tissue, fat and frontalis muscle and is not thinned. When reaching the brow, all of the skin borders are incised and the flap is carefully released. [1] The full-thickness flap is then sutured into the defect without tension.
Research has found that pharyngeal flap surgery has been most effective for those with a sagittal closure pattern (good lateral wall movement but poor velar movement (Armour et al., 2005)). Pharyngeal flap surgery is not recommended for everyone and alternative treatment methods are available. One alternative is the use of a prosthesis. In some ...
Blalock-Taussig operation at Who Named It? Burrow's triangle excision Karl August von Burrow: Reconstructive surgery: Triangles of skin adjacent to a sliding flap are excised to facilitate movement of the flap [1] Collis gastroplasty: John Leigh Collis, British cardiothoracic surgeon: Upper gastrointestinal surgery: Procedure for lengthening ...
Loss of arterial supply is serious too and both will cause necrosis (death) of the flap. Close monitoring of the flap both by nurses and by the surgeon is mandatory following the completion of the operation. [2] [3] If detected early, loss of either the venous or arterial blood supply may be corrected by operative intervention. Many times an ...
The flap allows for 1) passive drainage of the pleural space and 2) negative pressure to develop in the thoracic cavity due to it being easier for air to escape than to enter the chest. The lung can then expand to the chest wall and seal the inner opening of the flap. [3] Other surgeons have subsequently proposed modifications to the procedure. [6]
The clinical disadvantages of free-flap breast reconstruction surgery are: (i) the technical complexity of the plastic surgery procedure, (ii) prolonged surgical operation times, (iii) additional, secondary scarring at the flap-tissue donor site, (iv) possible medical complications at the flap-tissue donor-site, and (v) possible necrosis of the ...