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The Babylonian Chronicles, which were published by Donald Wiseman in 1956, establish that Nebuchadnezzar captured Jerusalem the first time on March 16, 597 BC. [7] Before Wiseman's publication, E. R. Thiele had determined from the biblical texts that Nebuchadnezzar's initial capture of Jerusalem occurred in the spring of 597 BC, [8] but other scholars, including William F. Albright, more ...
Nebuchadnezzar's story thus found its way into the Old Testament of the Bible. [6] The Bible narrates how Nebuchadnezzar destroyed the Kingdom of Judah, besieged, plundered and destroyed Jerusalem, and how he took away the Jews in captivity, portraying him as a cruel enemy of the Jewish people. [109]
On Tisha B'Av, July 587 or 586 BC, the Babylonians took Jerusalem, destroyed the First Temple and burned down the city. [1] [2] [8] The small settlements surrounding the city, and those close to the western border of the kingdom, were destroyed as well. [8] According to the Bible, Zedekiah attempted to escape, but was captured near Jericho.
The Chronicle does not refer to Jerusalem directly but mentions a "City of Iaahudu", interpreted to be "City of Judah".The Chronicle states: In the seventh year (of Nebuchadnezzar) in the month Chislev (Nov/Dec) the king of Babylon assembled his army, and after he had invaded the land of Hatti (Turkey/Syria) he laid siege to the city of Judah.
Shallum was succeeded by Eliakim, under the name Jehoiakim. [19] [20] Jehoiakim was succeeded by his own son Jeconiah. [21] Nebuchadnezzar II deposed Jeconiah and installed his uncle Mattanyahu on the throne, under the name Zedekiah. [22] Zedekiah was the last king of Judah before the kingdom was conquered by Babylon and the people exiled.
His father's name referenced Ḫaldi, one of the chief deities of the ancient Urartian kingdom. [19] Persian documents state that Arakha was an Armenian from a region called Dubala. [17] Like Nebuchadnezzar III before him, Arakha also claimed to be a son of Nabonidus and like his predecessor took the name Nebuchadnezzar. [20]
The omissions are on the details of Jerusalem's destruction (also the reference to Manasseh's sins, 2 Kings 24:3), the names of the queen mothers, part of the evaluations on the kings, and some death announcements (such as the death of kings in foreign lands), but giving a more united story than the Books of Kings.
c. 2000 BCE: First known mention of the city, using the name Rušalimum, in the Middle Kingdom Egyptian Execration texts; although the identification of Rušalimum as Jerusalem has been challenged. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] The Semitic root S-L-M in the name is thought to refer to either "peace" (Salam or Shalom in modern Arabic and Hebrew) or Shalim ...