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In enzymology, a fumarate reductase (NADH) (EC 1.3.1.6) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction succinate + NAD + ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } fumarate + NADH + H + Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are succinate and NAD + , whereas its three products are fumarate , NADH , and H + .
The effects of the NAD + /NADH ratio are complex, controlling the activity of several key enzymes, including glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase and pyruvate dehydrogenase. In healthy mammalian tissues, estimates of the ratio of free NAD + to NADH in the cytoplasm typically lie around 700:1; the ratio is thus favorable for oxidative reactions.
The citric acid cycle produces NADH and FADH2 through oxidation that will be reduced in oxidative phosphorylation to produce ATP. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The cytosolic, intermembrane space , compartment has a higher aqueous:protein content of around 3.8 μL/mg protein relative to that occurring in mitochondrial matrix where such levels typically are near 0 ...
D-glucose + NAD + D-glucono-1,5-lactone + NADH + H + Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are D-glucose and NAD +, whereas its 3 products are D-glucono-1,5-lactone, NADH, and H +. This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD + or NADP + as acceptor.
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are L-glutamate and NAD +, whereas its 4 products are L-glutamine, 2-oxoglutarate, NADH, and H +. This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-NH 2 group of donors with NAD + or NADP + as acceptor. This enzyme participates in glutamate metabolism and nitrogen ...
The systematic name of this enzyme class is NADH:(quinone-acceptor) oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (quinone) dehydrogenase , NADH-quinone oxidoreductase , NADH ubiquinone oxidoreductase , DPNH-menadione reductase , D-diaphorase , and NADH2 dehydrogenase (quinone) , and mitochondrial ...
The abbreviations are discussed in the text. In all diagrams of respiratory complexes in this article, the matrix is at the bottom, with the intermembrane space above. [image reference needed] NADH-coenzyme Q oxidoreductase, also known as NADH dehydrogenase or complex I, is the first protein in the electron transport chain. [18]
NAD + kinase (EC 2.7.1.23, NADK) is an enzyme that converts nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD +) into NADP + through phosphorylating the NAD + coenzyme. [6] NADP + is an essential coenzyme that is reduced to NADPH primarily by the pentose phosphate pathway to provide reducing power in biosynthetic processes such as fatty acid biosynthesis and nucleotide synthesis. [7]