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Online codes are parameterised by the block size and two scalars, q and ε. The authors suggest q=3 and ε=0.01. These parameters set the balance between the complexity and performance of the encoding. A message of n blocks can be recovered, with high probability, from (1+3ε)n check blocks. The probability of failure is (ε/2) q+1.
UTF-7 (7-bit Unicode Transformation Format) is an obsolete variable-length character encoding for representing Unicode text using a stream of ASCII characters. It was originally intended to provide a means of encoding Unicode text for use in Internet E-mail messages that was more efficient than the combination of UTF-8 with quoted-printable.
A message encoded with this type of encryption could be decoded with a fixed number on the Caesar cipher. [ 4 ] Around 800 AD, Arab mathematician Al-Kindi developed the technique of frequency analysis – which was an attempt to crack ciphers systematically, including the Caesar cipher. [ 3 ]
Encoding an attachment as Base64 before sending, and then decoding when received, assures older SMTP servers will not interfere with the attachment. Base64 encoding causes an overhead of 33–37% relative to the size of the original binary data (33% by the encoding itself; up to 4% more by the inserted line breaks).
UTF-8 is also the recommendation from the WHATWG for HTML and DOM specifications, and stating "UTF-8 encoding is the most appropriate encoding for interchange of Unicode" [4] and the Internet Mail Consortium recommends that all e‑mail programs be able to display and create mail using UTF-8.
The ASCII text-encoding standard uses 7 bits to encode characters. With this it is possible to encode 128 (i.e. 2 7) unique values (0–127) to represent the alphabetic, numeric, and punctuation characters commonly used in English, plus a selection of Control characters which do not represent printable characters.
This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (July 2019) (Learn how and when to remove this message) This article compares Unicode encodings in two types of environments: 8-bit clean environments, and environments that forbid the use of byte values with the ...
An "encoding sniffing algorithm" is defined in the specification to determine the character encoding of the document based on multiple sources of input, including: Explicit user instruction; An explicit meta tag within the first 1024 bytes of the document; A byte order mark (BOM) within the first three bytes of the document