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  2. Stock - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stock

    Shareholders are granted special privileges depending on the class of stock, including the right to vote on matters such as elections to the board of directors, the right to share in distributions of the company's income, the right to purchase new shares issued by the company, and the right to a company's assets during a liquidation of the ...

  3. Return on equity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Return_on_equity

    The return on equity (ROE) is a measure of the profitability of a business in relation to its equity; [1] where: . ROE = ⁠ Net Income / Average Shareholders' Equity ⁠ [1] Thus, ROE is equal to a fiscal year's net income (after preferred stock dividends, before common stock dividends), divided by total equity (excluding preferred shares), expressed as a percentage.

  4. Share (finance) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Share_(finance)

    A share expresses the ownership relationship between the company and the shareholder. [1] The denominated value of a share is its face value, and the total of the face value of issued shares represent the capital of a company, [3] which may not reflect the market value of those shares. The income received from the ownership of shares is a ...

  5. Equity (finance) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equity_(finance)

    A business entity has a more complicated debt structure than a single asset. While some liabilities may be secured by specific assets of the business, others may be guaranteed by the assets of the entire business. If the business becomes bankrupt, it can be required to raise money by selling assets. Yet the equity of the business, like the ...

  6. Stock market - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stock_market

    A stock market, equity market, or share market is the aggregation of buyers and sellers of stocks (also called shares), which represent ownership claims on businesses; these may include securities listed on a public stock exchange as well as stock that is only traded privately, such as shares of private companies that are sold to investors ...

  7. Common stock - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_stock

    The terms voting share and ordinary share are also used frequently outside of the United States. They are known as equity shares or ordinary shares in the UK and other Commonwealth realms. This type of share gives the stockholder the right to share in the profits of the company, and to vote on matters of corporate policy and the composition of ...

  8. Friedman doctrine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedman_doctrine

    Friedman introduced the theory in a 1970 essay for The New York Times titled "A Friedman Doctrine: The Social Responsibility of Business is to Increase Its Profits". [2] In it, he argued that a company has no social responsibility to the public or society; its only responsibility is to its shareholders. [2]

  9. Exchange-traded fund - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exchange-traded_fund

    An exchange-traded fund (ETF) is a type of investment fund that is also an exchange-traded product, i.e., it is traded on stock exchanges. [1] [2] [3] ETFs own financial assets such as stocks, bonds, currencies, debts, futures contracts, and/or commodities such as gold bars.