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Portable solar chargers are used to charge cell phones and other small electronic devices on the go. Chargers on the market today use various types of solar panels, ranging from thin film panels with efficiencies from 7-15% (amorphous silicon around 7%, CIGS closer to 15%), to the slightly more efficient monocrystalline panels which offer efficiencies up to 18%.
Charge controllers are sold to consumers as separate devices, often in conjunction with solar or wind power generators, for uses such as RV, boat, and off-the-grid home battery storage systems. [1] In solar applications, charge controllers may also be called solar regulators or solar charge controllers.
The effective collection area of a flat-panel solar collector varies with the cosine of the misalignment of the panel with the Sun.. Sunlight has two components: the "direct beam" that carries about 90% of the solar energy [6] [7] and the "diffuse sunlight" that carries the remainder – the diffuse portion is the blue sky on a clear day, and is a larger proportion of the total on cloudy days.
PV solar systems have varying relationships to inverter systems, external grids, battery banks, and other electrical loads. [6] The central problem addressed by MPPT is that the efficiency of power transfer from the solar cell depends on the amount of available sunlight, shading, solar panel temperature and the load 's electrical characteristics.
SODAQ, an Arduino Compatible Solar Powered sensor board The Raspberry Pi-sized SODAQ board is built for Solar Powered Data Acquisition. It is fitted with a Lipo charge controller and 12 Grove sockets for plug and play prototyping. It runs at 3.3 V and 8 MHz. It also comes with a DS3231 Real Time Clock and 16 Mbit serial flash for data logging.
The simplest solar controller circuit uses a comparator with two temperature inputs, one at the solar panel and one at the thermal store's heat exchanger, and an output to control the pump. Commercial controllers use a microprocessor usually with a LCD display and simple user interface with a few pushbuttons.