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The Kocher criteria are a tool useful in the differentiation of septic arthritis from transient synovitis in the child with a painful hip. [1] They are named for Mininder S. Kocher , an orthopaedic surgeon at Boston Children's Hospital and Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery at Harvard Medical School .
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Kocher was first author on the 1999 publication "Differentiating Between Septic Arthritis and Transient Synovitis of the Hip in Children: An Evidence-Based Clinical Prediction Algorithm", where he introduced the Kocher criteria that are used to diagnose septic arthritis. [3]
It should increase within 2–3 days of a major acute hemorrhage, for instance, and reach its peak in 6–10 days. [3] If reticulocyte production is not raised in response to anemia, then the anemia may be due to an acute cause with insufficient time to compensate, or there is a defect with red blood cell production in the bone marrow.
This category reflects the organization of International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision. Generally, diseases outlined within the ICD-10 codes D60-D61 within Chapter III: Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, and certain disorders involving the immune mechanism should be included in this category.
Microcytic anaemia; Microcytosis is the presence of red cells that are smaller than normal. Normal adult red cell has a diameter of 7.2 µm. Microcytes are common seen in with hypochromia in iron-deficiency anaemia, thalassaemia trait, congenital sideroblastic anaemia and sometimes in anaemia of chronic diseases.
Anemia of chronic disease (ACD) [1] [2] or anemia of chronic inflammation [3] is a form of anemia seen in chronic infection, chronic immune activation, and malignancy. These conditions all produce elevation of interleukin-6 , which stimulates hepcidin production and release from the liver.
Since the first description of cryoglobulinemia in association with the clinical triad of skin purpura, joint pain, and weakness by Meltzer et al. in 1966, [4] [5] the percentage of cryoglobulinemic diseases described as essential cryoglobulinemia or idiopathic cryoglobulinemia (that is, cryoglobulinemic disease that is unassociated with an underlying disorder) has fallen.