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In demography, demographic transition is a phenomenon and theory in the social sciences referring to the historical shift from high birth rates and high death rates to low birth rates and low death rates as societies attain more technology, education (especially of women), and economic development. [1]
The Zelinsky Model of Migration Transition, [1] also known as the Migration Transition Model or Zelinsky's Migration Transition Model, claims that the type of migration that occurs within a country depends on its development level and its society type. It connects migration to the stages within the Demographic Transition Model (DTM).
Davis led and conducted major studies of societies in Europe, South America, Africa and Asia, coined the term "population explosion", and played a major role in the naming and development of the demographic transition model. [1] [6] He was also one of the original scholars in the development of the theory of overurbanization.
Zelinsky's Theory of First Effective Settlement was that the dominant culture of a nation is defined by the first settlers who came to an area who are able to effect a self-perpetuating society. The theory states that these first settlers have significant impact on the social and cultural geography of the area, however few these first settlers ...
The lengthy transition allowed fertility to decline at virtually the same rate that mortality also declined. Germany might be considered another example of this model. Accelerated model: (Japan) Japan experienced a rapid transition as a result of a few decades of intensive war-driven industrialization followed by postwar occupation. The ...
Frank W. Notestein in 1945 provided labels for the types of growth patterns of the demographic transition that was found by Warren Thompson sixteen years earlier. [2] With his modern thinking about population, Notestein introduced a program of research and graduate training at American University, as well as creating leadership in scholarship, the formation of policy, and technical assistance ...
Population momentum is a consequence of the demographic transition. Population momentum explains why a population will continue to grow even if the fertility rate declines or continues to decline even if the fertility rate grows. Population momentum occurs because it is not only the number of children per woman that determine population growth ...
Malthusianism is a theory that population growth is potentially exponential, according to the Malthusian growth model, while the growth of the food supply or other resources is linear, which eventually reduces living standards to the point of triggering a population decline.