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EBAC is the estimated blood alcohol concentration (in g/L) A is the mass of alcohol consumed (g). T is the amount of time during which alcohol was present in the blood (usually time since consumption began), in hours. β is the rate at which alcohol is eliminated, averaging around 0.15 g/L/hr. [31]
The recommended daily amount of drinking water for humans varies. [1] It depends on activity, age, health, and environment.In the United States, the Adequate Intake for total water, based on median intakes, is 4.0 litres (141 imp fl oz; 135 US fl oz) per day for males older than 18, and 3.0 litres (106 imp fl oz; 101 US fl oz) per day for females over 18; it assumes about 80% from drink and 20 ...
Widmark originally used units of mass (g/kg) for EBAC, thus he calculated the apparent mass of distribution M d or mass of blood in kilograms. He fitted an equation M d = ρ m W {\displaystyle M_{d}=\rho _{m}W} of the body weight W in kg, finding an average rho-factor of 0.68 for men and 0.55 for women.
Therefore, using the assumed Fick determination, the approximated cardiac output for an average man (1.9 m3) is: Cardiac Output = (125 mL O 2 /minute × 1.9) / (200 mL O 2 /L − 150 mL O 2 /L) = 4.75 L/min. Cardiac output may also be estimated with the Fick principle using production of carbon dioxide as a marker substance. [3]
The Harris–Benedict equation (also called the Harris-Benedict principle) is a method used to estimate an individual's basal metabolic rate (BMR).. The estimated BMR value may be multiplied by a number that corresponds to the individual's activity level; the resulting number is the approximate daily kilocalorie intake to maintain current body weight.
In biology, Input [1] and output [2] (I&O) is the measure of food and fluids that enter and exit the body. Certain patients with the need are placed on I & O, ...
Energy intake is measured by the amount of calories consumed from food and fluids. [1] Energy intake is modulated by hunger, which is primarily regulated by the hypothalamus, [1] and choice, which is determined by the sets of brain structures that are responsible for stimulus control (i.e., operant conditioning and classical conditioning) and cognitive control of eating behavior.
CDE is defined by the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission in Title 10, Section 20.1003, of the Code of Federal Regulations (10 CFR 20.1003), such that "The Committed dose equivalent, CDE (H T,50) is the dose to some specific organ or tissue of reference (T) that will be received from an intake of radioactive material by an individual during the 50-year period following the intake".