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Two resolved peaks in a chromatogram. The theoretical plate height is given by = where L is the column length and N the number of theoretical plates. [5] The relation between plate number and peak width at the base is given by = ().
A mass chromatogram is a representation of mass spectrometry data as a chromatogram, where the x-axis represents time and the y-axis represents signal intensity. [1] The source data contains mass information; however, it is not graphically represented in a mass chromatogram in favor of visualizing signal intensity versus time.
In chromatography, internal standards are used to determine the concentration of other analytes by calculating response factor. The selected internal standard should have a similar retention time and derivatization. It must be stable and not interfere with the sample components.
In chromatography, the area of a peak is proportional to the number of moles (n) times some constant of proportionality (k), Area = k×n. The number of moles of compound is equal to the concentration (molarity, M) times the volume, n = MV. From these equations, the following derivation is made:
By measuring any two of these solutions, the unknown concentration is calculated. [ 1 ] As polarographic standard addition involves using only one solution with the standard added – the two-level design, polarographers always refer to the method as singular, standard addition.
A simplified method of calculating chromatogram resolution is to use the plate model. [8] The plate model assumes that the column can be divided into a certain number of sections, or plates and the mass balance can be calculated for each individual plate. This approach approximates a typical chromatogram curve as a Gaussian distribution curve ...
In liquid chromatography, the mobile phase velocity is taken as the exit velocity, that is, the ratio of the flow rate in ml/second to the cross-sectional area of the ‘column-exit flow path.’ For a packed column, the cross-sectional area of the column exit flow path is usually taken as 0.6 times the cross-sectional area of the column.
Analytical chromatography – the use of chromatography to determine the existence and possibly also the concentration of analyte(s) in a sample. Bonded phase – a stationary phase that is covalently bonded to the support particles or to the inside wall of the column tubing. Chromatogram – the visual output of the chromatograph. In the case ...