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They suggest several potential causes: Female students’ familial responsibilities, sexism, the different ways men and women cope with stressors and the higher likelihood that women will speak ...
In a famous study of women's achievement in college science by Miyake et al., values affirmation was successful in reducing the differences between male and female academic achievement in college-level introductory physics classes, and it has been particularly effective at combating the psychological phenomenon known as stereotype threat.
The Princess: A Medley, a narrative poem by Alfred Lord Tennyson, is a satire of women's education, still a controversial subject in 1848, when Queen's College first opened in London. Emily Davies campaigned for women's education in the 1860s, and founded Girton College in 1869, as did Anne Clough found Newnham College in 1875.
Sexism in academia encompasses institutionalized and cultural sexist ideologies; it is not limited to the admission process and the under-representation of women in the sciences but also includes the lack of women represented in college course materials [2] and the denial of tenure, positions and awards that are generally accorded to men.
Women's education has cognitive benefits for women as well. [13] Improved cognitive abilities increase the quality of life for women [ 12 ] and also lead to other benefits. One example of this is the fact that educated women are better able to make decisions related to health, both for themselves and their children. [ 13 ]
Education showed women how to exercise their civic responsibilities, and it showed them the importance of the vote. Participation in student government trained women "early to become leaders later." [41] One study showed that in 1935, 62 percent of women college graduates voted compared to only 50 percent of women who did not attend college. [42]
Higher education in the United States is an optional stage of formal learning following secondary education. Higher education, also referred to as post-secondary education, third-stage, third-level, or tertiary education occurs most commonly at one of the 3,899 Title IV degree-granting institutions in the country. [1]
The Women's College Coalition (WCC) was founded in 1979 and describes itself as an "association of women's colleges and universities – public and private, independent and church-related, two- and four-year – in the United States and Canada whose primary mission is the education and advancement of women."