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The process of distillation spread from the Middle East to Italy, [32] where evidence of the distillation of alcohol appears from the School of Salerno in the 12th century. [ 25 ] [ 54 ] The works of Taddeo Alderotti (1223–1296) describe a method for concentrating alcohol involving repeated fractional distillation through a water-cooled still ...
The earliest records of the distillation of alcohol are in Italy in the 13th century, where alcohol was distilled from wine. [14] An early description of the technique was given by Ramon Llull (1232–1315). [14] Its use spread through medieval monasteries, [16] largely for medicinal purposes, such as the treatment of colic and smallpox. [17]
Unsweetened, distilled, alcoholic drinks that have an alcohol content of at least 20% ABV are called spirits. [36] For the most common distilled drinks, such as whisky (or whiskey) and vodka, the alcohol content is around 40%. The term hard liquor is used in North America to distinguish distilled drinks from undistilled ones (implicitly weaker).
Column distilled gin evolved following the invention of the Coffey still, and is produced by first distilling high proof (e.g. 96% ABV) neutral spirits from a fermented mash or wash using a refluxing still such as a column still.
Vodka (Polish: wódka; Russian: водка; Swedish: vodka) is a clear distilled alcoholic beverage.Different varieties originated in Poland, Russia, and Sweden. [1] Vodka is composed mainly of water and ethanol but sometimes with traces of impurities and flavourings. [2]
An old whiskey still A display of various liquors in a supermarket Some single-drink liquor bottles available in Germany. Liquor (/ ˈ l ɪ k ər / LIK-ər, sometimes hard liquor), spirits, distilled spirits, or spiritous liquor are alcoholic drinks produced by the distillation of grains, fruits, vegetables, or sugar that have already gone through alcoholic fermentation.
“A BORG often contains a fifth (25.6 fluid ounces or 3.2 cups) of vodka or other hard alcohol, which is about 17 standard drinks, which is a massive amount of alcohol,” Lembke said. No amount ...
A column still, or a spiral still, can achieve a vapor alcohol content of 95% ABV. Moonshine is usually distilled to 40% ABV, and seldom above 66% based on 48 samples. [10] For example, conventional pot stills commonly produce 40% ABV, and top out between 60% and 80% ABV after multiple distillations.