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Learned helplessness is the behavior exhibited by a subject after enduring repeated aversive stimuli beyond their control. It was initially thought to be caused by the subject's acceptance of their powerlessness, by way of their discontinuing attempts to escape or avoid the aversive stimulus, even when such alternatives are unambiguously presented.
Martin Elias Peter Seligman (/ ˈ s ɛ l ɪ ɡ m ə n /; born August 12, 1942) is an American psychologist, educator, and author of self-help books. Seligman is a strong promoter within the scientific community of his theories of well-being and positive psychology. [1] His theory of learned helplessness is popular among scientific and clinical ...
Using dogs, Martin Seligman and his colleagues pioneered the study of depression in the animal model of learned helplessness at the University of Pennsylvania. Dogs were separated into three groups, the control group, group A had control over when they were being shocked and group B had no control over when they were being electrocuted. After ...
The hypothesis notes that humans spent most of their evolutionary history in hunter-gatherer societies, and it argues that ADHD represents a lack of adaptation to farming societies. Hartmann first developed the idea as a mental model after his own son was diagnosed with ADHD, stating, "It's not hard science, and was never intended to be."
To Seligman, psychology (particularly its positive branch) can investigate and promote realistic ways of fostering more well-being in people and communities. The term "positive psychology" dates at least to 1954, when Abraham Maslow 's Motivation and Personality was published with a final chapter titled "Toward a Positive Psychology."
Psychology Today: Neutering Causes Behavior Problems in Male Dogs. Heath, Sarah & Wilson, Clare. (2014). Canine and Feline Enrichment in the Home and Kennel: A Guide for Practitioners. The ...
The American Heart Association says that dog owners get in more physical activity than non-dog owners and, according to the AHA’s review of several published studies, pet owners have lower ...
The behavior of a dog can not always be an indication of its friendliness. This is because when a dog wags its tail, most people interpret this as the dog expressing happiness and friendliness. Though indeed tail wagging can express these positive emotions, tail wagging is also an indication of fear, insecurity, challenging of dominance ...