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The era after the enthronement of Emperor Jimmu (神武天皇即位紀元, Jinmu-tennō sokui kigen), colloquially known as the Japanese imperial year (皇紀, kōki) or "national calendar year" is a unique calendar system in Japan. [1] It is based on the legendary foundation of Japan by Emperor Jimmu in 660 BC. [2]
The Japanese imperial year (皇紀, kōki, or 紀元 kigen) is based on the date of the legendary founding of Japan by Emperor Jimmu in 660 BC. [15] For instance, 660 BC is counted as Kōki 1. It was first used in the official calendar in 1873. [16] Kōki 2600 (1940) was a special year.
The terms Tennō ('Emperor', 天皇), as well as Nihon ('Japan', 日本), were not adopted until the late 7th century AD. [ 6 ] [ 2 ] In the nengō system which has been in use since the late 7th century, years are numbered using the Japanese era name and the number of years which have elapsed since the start of that nengō era.
In 1873 Japan adopted the Seireki (西暦), the Common Era. Nowadays, Japanese people know it as well as the regnal eras. Prior to the introduction of the Gregorian calendar in 1873, the reference calendar was based on the lunisolar Chinese calendar. Emperor Taishō 大正天皇 (r. 1912–1926 CE) Taishō 大正: 1912–1926 CE 15 years ...
Reiwa (Japanese: 令和, pronounced ⓘ or [1] [2]) is the current and 232nd era of the official calendar of Japan. It began on 1 May 2019, the day on which Emperor Akihito's eldest son, Naruhito, ascended the throne as the 126th Emperor of Japan.
Apart from the Gregorian calendar, the Japanese imperial calendar is also used, which bases the year on the current era, which began when the current emperor acceded to the throne. The current era is 令和 Reiwa and began in 2019. The imperial year increments on January 1 just like the Gregorian, not on the anniversary of the emperor's ...
However, the emperor still had the power to "control time" via the Japanese Nengō which names eras on calendars after emperors. [ 68 ] During the Kofun period the first central government of the unified state was Yamato in the Kinai region of central Japan. [ 69 ]
The Great Tenpō famine of the 1830s was a devastating period in which the whole of Japan suffered rapidly decreasing temperatures and loss of crops, and in turn, merchant prices began to spike. Many starved to death during this grim time: "The death rate for a village in the northeast rose to thirty-seven per thousand and that for the city of ...