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In (automotive) vehicle dynamics, slip is the relative motion between a tire and the road surface it is moving on. This slip can be generated either by the tire's rotational speed being greater or less than the free-rolling speed (usually described as percent slip), or by the tire's plane of rotation being at an angle to its direction of motion (referred to as slip angle).
On many kinds of disc recording media, the rotational speed of the medium under the read head is a standard given in rpm. Phonograph (gramophone) records, for example, typically rotate steadily at 16 + 2 ⁄ 3, 33 + 1 ⁄ 3, 45 rpm or 78 rpm (0.28, 0.55, 0.75, or 1.3, respectively, in Hz). Air turbine rotating up to 1 500 000 rpm (25 kHz)
In cycling, cadence is a measure of rotational speed of the crank, expressed in units of revolutions per minute (r/min or rpm). In other words, it is the pedalling rate at which a cyclist is turning the pedals. Cadence is directly proportional to wheel speed, but is a distinct measurement and changes
An 'inertia' dynamometer provides a fixed inertial mass load, calculates the power required to accelerate that fixed and known mass, and uses a computer to record RPM and acceleration rate to calculate torque. The engine is generally tested from somewhat above idle to its maximum RPM and the output is measured and plotted on a graph.
The rotational speed of the wheels for that given forward speed is simple to calculate, being the tire circumference multiplied by the RPM. [a] As the tire RPM at maximum speed is not the same as the engine RPM at that power, a transmission is used with a gear ratio to convert one to the other. [b]
Rotational frequency, also known as rotational speed or rate of rotation (symbols ν, lowercase Greek nu, and also n), is the frequency of rotation of an object around an axis. Its SI unit is the reciprocal seconds (s −1 ); other common units of measurement include the hertz (Hz), cycles per second (cps), and revolutions per minute (rpm).
Coupled with a 700c wheel (622 mm diameter) and a 23 mm tire size (which approximately adds 2×23 mm to the wheel diameter), this gives an approximate diameter of 0.645 metres (depending on various factors such as air pressure, tire and rim), resulting in an estimated rollout distance of: π ⋅ 0.668 m ⋅ 52 ⁄ 14 ~ 7.53 m
The standard test speed for tire uniformity machines is 60 r/min of a standard load wheel that approximates 5 miles per hour. High speed uniformity machines are used in research and development environments that reach 250 km/h and higher. High speed uniformity machines have also been introduced for production testing.