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The Kingdom of England was a sovereign state on the island of Great Britain from the early tenth century, when it was unified from various Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, until 1 May 1707, when it united with Scotland to form the Kingdom of Great Britain, which would later become the United Kingdom.
He was succeeded by Sadiq Khan, the first Muslim mayor of a major Western capital city, who was elected in 2016, was re-elected in 2021, [62] and won a historic third term in 2024. [ 63 ] In the 2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum , London was the only region in England, where Remain won the highest share of the vote.
Scotland, United Kingdom: c 872 1472 Absorbed into Scotland. Scone, near Perth: Scotland, Kingdom of: United Kingdom: 846 1452 moved to Edinburgh: Edinburgh: Scotland, Kingdom of: United Kingdom: 1452 1707 Scotland was united with England under one monarch in 1603. Edinburgh remains the capital of Scotland within the United Kingdom. Machynlleth ...
London is an ancient name, attested in the first century AD, usually in the Latinised form Londinium. [36] Modern scientific analyses of the name must account for the origins of the different forms found in early sources: Latin (usually Londinium), Old English (usually Lunden), and Welsh (usually Llundein), with reference to the known developments over time of sounds in those different languages.
The London Hospital Medical College opens as England's first chartered medical school. The New Spring Gardens is renamed Vauxhall Gardens. 1786 21 June: First woman to be burnt at the stake at Newgate Prison (as distinct from Tyburn or Smithfield), Phoebe Harris for coin counterfeiting. She is led to the stake past the hanged bodies of her ...
London is the financial capital of England and the United Kingdom. The economy of England is the largest part of the UK's economy. [131] England is a leader in the chemical and pharmaceutical sectors and in key technical industries, particularly aerospace, the arms industry, and the software industry.
London was a centre of England's Jewish population. There was a Jewish burial ground at Jewin Street, on the site of the modern-day Barbican Centre, from 1177, Old Jewry was known as the Jewish quarter from 1181, [10] and London's first synagogue is on Ironmonger Lane, being first recorded in 1227 and forced to close in 1285.
The Bank of England, on Threadneedle Street, is the central bank of the United Kingdom. The City of London vies with New York City's Lower Manhattan for the distinction of the world's pre-eminent financial centre. The London Stock Exchange (shares and bonds), Lloyd's of London (insurance) and the Bank of England are all based in the city. [81]