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Postpartum bleeding or postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is often defined as the loss of more than 500 ml or 1,000 ml of blood following childbirth. [2] Some have added the requirement that there also be signs or symptoms of low blood volume for the condition to exist. [ 6 ]
Uterine balloon tamponade (UBT) is a non-surgical method of treating refractory postpartum hemorrhage.Once postpartum hemorrhage has been identified and medical management given (including agents such as uterotonics and tranexamic acid), UBT may be employed to tamponade uterine bleeding without the need to pursue operative intervention.
Research is currently ongoing in Zambia and Zimbabwe to investigate whether the NASG is more successful if implemented at primary health care facilities where hemorrhage is first identified. [31] In 2012, the World Health Organization included the NASG in its recommendations for the treatment of postpartum hemorrhage. [32]
A recent study involving 50 cases was carried out by the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at University Central Hospital in Helsinki, Finland. With an overall success rate of 86%, the authors concluded that the Bakri balloon tamponade is "a simple, readily available, effective and safe procedure" in the management of postpartum hemorrhage.
Other definitions of excessive postpartum bleeding are hemodynamic instability, drop of hemoglobin of more than 10%, [12] or requiring blood transfusion. In the literature, primary postpartum hemorrhage is defined as uncontrolled bleeding that occurs in the first 24 hours after delivery while secondary hemorrhage occurs between 24 hours and six ...
The most common cause of postpartum hemorrhage is a loss of muscle tone in the uterus. Normally, the uterus will contract to constrict blood vessels and decrease the flow of blood to prevent bleeding out. However, if there is a loss of muscle tone, see uterine atony, there is an increased risk of bleeding. Oxytocin is the first-line ...
In one instance when a Black woman suffered postpartum hemorrhaging, "management of her bleeding appeared severely delayed" and out of step with Cedars-Sinai guidelines, the letter said.
In 2023, a 4-year case study (2016–2020) in China involving 279 women was published and concluded that the Bakri balloon was an effective treatment in controlling postpartum hemorrhage. The overall success rate was 88.89% and supported those from previous studies. [11]