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4) are the two end-members of the olivine solid-solution series, varying in Mg 2+ and Fe 2+ in their chemical composition. So, the chemical formula of olivine can be better expressed as Mg (2−x) Fe x SiO 4 or Mg x Fe (2−x) SiO 4. As another example, the tectosilicate feldspar can be described as a solid solution of the endmembers K-feldspar ...
Olivine. The mineral olivine (/ ˈɒl.ɪˌviːn /) is a magnesium iron silicate with the chemical formula (Mg, Fe)2 Si O 4. It is a type of nesosilicate or orthosilicate. The primary component of the Earth's upper mantle, [9] it is a common mineral in Earth's subsurface, but weathers quickly on the surface. Olivine has many uses, such as the ...
Forsterite (Mg 2 SiO 4; commonly abbreviated as Fo; also known as white olivine) is the magnesium-rich end-member of the olivine solid solution series. It is isomorphous with the iron-rich end-member, fayalite. Forsterite crystallizes in the orthorhombic system (space group Pbnm) with cell parameters a 4.75 Å (0.475 nm), b 10.20 Å (1.020 nm ...
Fayalite (Fe. 2SiO. 4, commonly abbreviated to Fa) is the iron -rich end-member of the olivine solid-solution series. In common with all minerals in the olivine group, fayalite crystallizes in the orthorhombic system (space group Pbnm) with cell parameters a 4.82 Å, b 10.48 Å and c 6.09 Å. Fayalite forms solid solution series with the ...
Monticellite. Monticellite and kirschsteinite (commonly also spelled kirschteinite[3]) are gray silicate minerals of the olivine group with compositions Ca Mg Si O 4 and Ca Fe SiO 4, respectively. Most monticellites have the pure magnesium end-member composition but rare ferroan monticellites and magnesio-kirschsteinite are found with between ...
Tightly folded serpentinite from the Tux Alps, Austria. Closeup view about 30 cm × 20 cm (12 in × 8 in). Serpentiniteis a metamorphic rockcomposed predominantly of one or more serpentine groupmineralsformed by near to complete serpentinizationof maficor ultramafic rocks. The origin of the name is ancient but uncertain.
Serpentinization. Serpentinite partially made of chrysotile, from Slovakia. Serpentinization is a hydration and metamorphic transformation of ferromagnesian minerals, such as olivine and pyroxene, in mafic and ultramafic rock to produce serpentinite. [1] Minerals formed by serpentinization include the serpentine group minerals (antigorite ...
On the other hand, some substances that have a continuous series of compositions, may be arbitrarily split into several minerals. The typical example is the olivine group (Mg, Fe) 2 SiO 4, whose magnesium-rich and iron-rich end-members are considered separate minerals (forsterite and fayalite). The details of these rules are somewhat ...