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Oncology is a branch of medicine that deals with the study, treatment, diagnosis, and prevention of cancer. A medical professional who practices oncology is an oncologist. [1] The name's etymological origin is the Greek word ὄγκος (ónkos), meaning "tumor", "volume" or "mass". [2] Oncology is concerned with:
Chemotherapy is one of the major categories of the medical discipline specifically devoted to pharmacotherapy for cancer, which is called medical oncology. [1] [2] The term chemotherapy now means the non-specific use of intracellular poisons to inhibit mitosis (cell division) or to induce DNA damage (so that DNA repair can augment chemotherapy ...
Radiation oncology is the medical specialty concerned with prescribing radiation, and is distinct from radiology, the use of radiation in medical imaging and diagnosis. Radiation may be prescribed by a radiation oncologist with intent to cure or for adjuvant therapy.
Oncology A precancerous condition is a condition, tumor or lesion involving abnormal cells which are associated with an increased risk of developing into cancer . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Clinically, precancerous conditions encompass a variety of abnormal tissues with an increased risk of developing into cancer.
In modern oncology, many regimens combine several chemotherapy drugs in combination chemotherapy. The majority of drugs used in cancer chemotherapy are cytostatic , many via cytotoxicity . A fundamental philosophy of medical oncology , including combination chemotherapy, is that different drugs work through different mechanisms, and that the ...
Hematologists and hematopathologists generally work in conjunction to formulate a diagnosis and deliver the most appropriate therapy if needed. Hematology is a distinct subspecialty of internal medicine, separate from but overlapping with the subspecialty of medical oncology. Hematologists may specialize further or have special interests, for ...
Sometimes the general term "laboratory medicine specialist" is used to refer to those working in clinical pathology, including medical doctors, Ph.D.s and doctors of pharmacology. [19] Immunopathology , the study of an organism's immune response to infection, is sometimes considered to fall within the domain of clinical pathology.
In surgical oncology, radical surgery is surgery intended to remove both a tumor and any metastases thereof, for diagnostic and/or treatment purposes. [1] It typically describes the removal of a tumor or mass and ancillary lymph nodes that may drain the mass, as in radical mastectomy . [ 2 ]