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Pope Boniface IX (Latin: Bonifatius IX; Italian: Bonifacio IX; c. 1350 – 1 October 1404, born Pietro Tomacelli [1]) was head of the Catholic Church from 2 November 1389 to his death, in October 1404. He was the second Roman pope during the Western Schism. [2]
In opposition to Pope Boniface I. Elected on the eve of the election of Boniface, first benefited from the support of the emperor Honorius, but lost it quickly. Exiled in Campania, and died in 423. 42 28 December 418 – 4 September 422 (3 years, 250 days) St Boniface I BONIFACIVS: Rome, Italy, Roman Empire Roman citizen. 43 10 September 422 –
A collection of popes have had violent deaths through the centuries. The circumstances have ranged from martyrdom (Pope Stephen I) to war (Lucius II), to an alleged beating by a jealous husband (Pope John XII). A number of other popes have died under circumstances that some believe to be murder, but for which definitive evidence has not been found. Martyr popes This list is incomplete ; you ...
There have been eight popes and one antipope named Boniface. Pope Boniface I (r. 418–422) Pope Boniface II (530–532) Pope Boniface III (607) Pope Boniface IV (608–615) Pope Boniface V (619–625) Pope Boniface VI (896) Antipope Boniface VII (984–985) (now listed as an antipope) Pope Boniface VIII (1294–1303) Pope Boniface IX (1389–1404)
Pope Boniface IX (r. 1389–1404) created 8 cardinals in two consistories held during his pontificate including his future successor Pope Innocent VII and the Antipope John XXIII. [ 1 ] 18 December 1389
Establishing cardinal-bishops as the sole electors of the pope. [2] 1079 Libertas ecclesiae ("The liberty of the Church") Gregory VII: About Church's independence from imperial authority and interference. 1079 Antiqua sanctorum patrum ("The old (traces of the) holy fathers") Granted the church of Lyon primacy over the churches of Gaul. 1095 ...
Pope Boniface IX (1389–1404) lived in Perugia from September 1392 until 1393 during the Western Schism. [12] His legate, Pileo, the archbishop of Ravenna, had been guarding the citadel and the city in his absence. [12] While in the city, Boniface IX recalled the Guelphic exiles and achieved a military victory against Giovanni Sciarra da Vico ...
[1] [2] At least 15, and possibly as many as 19 cardinal-nephews were later elected pope (Gregory IX, Alexander IV, Adrian V, Gregory XI, Boniface IX, Innocent VII, Eugene IV, Paul II, Alexander VI, Pius III, Julius II, Leo X, Clement VII, Benedict XIII, and Pius VII, perhaps also John XIX, Benedict IX, if they were really promoted cardinals ...