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Hurricanes in the Central Pacific (140° W to 180 ° W) generally travel from east to west, however, some including Hurricanes Iwa (1982) and Iniki (1992) track in a northerly direction. The islands of Hawaii, with Kauai as the notable exception, appear to be remarkably immune from direct hurricane hits. The USGS states that "more commonly ...
Hurricane Iniki (/ iː ˈ n iː k iː / ee-NEE-kee; Hawaiian: ʻiniki meaning "strong and piercing wind") was a hurricane that struck the island of Kauaʻi on September 11, 1992. It was the most powerful hurricane to strike Hawaiʻi in recorded history, and the only hurricane to directly affect the state during the 1992 Pacific hurricane season. [1]
The evolution of Hawaiian volcanoes occurs in several stages of growth and decline. The fifteen volcanoes that make up the eight principal islands of Hawaii are the youngest in a chain of more than 129 volcanoes that stretch 5,800 kilometers (3,600 mi) across the North Pacific Ocean, called the Hawaiian–Emperor seamount chain. [1]
Iniki is considered to be the most powerful hurricane ever to hit Hawaii. It also caused the most fatalities, six, of any storm. Winds were recorded at 145 mph and destroyed 1,421 houses.
Hualālai is the third most active volcano on the island of Hawaiʻi, behind Kīlauea and Mauna Loa. Although the two larger volcanos have each erupted over 150 times in the last 1,000 years, Hualālai has done so only thrice. Activity seems to recur at the volcano every 200 to 300 years. [12]
A Hawaiian eruption is a type of volcanic eruption where lava flows from the vent in a relatively gentle, low level eruption; it is so named because it is characteristic of Hawaiian volcanoes. Typically they are effusive eruptions , with basaltic magmas of low viscosity , low content of gases, and high temperature at the vent.
Before Koʻolau volcano was active, between 3.5 and 2.74 million years ago, Waiʻanae volcano formed the western part of Oʻahu. [71] Koʻolau volcano appears to be unrelated to the Honolulu Volcanics, [6] which are considered to be a separate volcanic system; [58] sometimes the "Kokohead Volcanics" are split off from the Honolulu Volcanics. [72]
Last year, the winds of Hurricane Dora, which stayed hundreds of miles off the coast of the Hawaii islands, contributed to the deadliest wildfires in the U.S. in over a century.