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Coxsackie B virus infection may also induce aseptic meningitis. As a group, they are the most common cause of unexpected sudden death , and may account for up to 50% of such cases. [ 6 ] The incubation period for the Coxsackie B viruses ranges from 2 to 6 days, and illness may last for up to 6 months in extreme cases, but may resolve as quickly ...
Coxsackie A virus is a subgroup of enterovirus A, which are small, non-enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses. Its protective, icosahedral capsid has an external portion that contains sixty copies of viral proteins (VP1,-2,-3) and an internal portion surrounding the RNA genome containing sixty copies of VP4 viral proteins.
Common symptoms can include myocarditis, meningoencephalitis, and hepatitis. Other less severe symptoms can include pneumonia, Gastrointestinal symptoms, pancreatitis, and seizures. Patients with Coxsackie B4 virus have seemed to have herpangina, tonsillitis, and pharyngitis. [6] CB4 virus has caused transplacental infections in mice.
Coxsackieviruses are divided into group A and group B viruses based on early observations of their pathogenicity in neonatal mice. [1] Group A coxsackieviruses were noted to cause a flaccid paralysis (which was caused by generalized myositis) while group B coxsackieviruses were noted to cause a spastic paralysis (due to focal muscle injury and degeneration of neuronal tissue).
[6] [12] Some people may carry and pass on the virus despite having no symptoms of disease. [10] Other animals are not involved. [8] Diagnosis can often be made based on symptoms. [7] Occasionally, a throat or stool sample may be tested for the virus. [7] Most people with hand, foot, and mouth disease get better on their own in 7 to 10 days. [8]
Herpangina, also called mouth blisters, is a painful mouth infection caused by coxsackieviruses.Usually, herpangina is produced by one particular strain of coxsackie virus A (and the term "herpangina virus" refers to coxsackievirus A), [1] but it can also be caused by coxsackievirus B or echoviruses. [2]
“Nausea and or vomiting are usually the first symptoms of norovirus,” says infectious disease expert Amesh A. Adalja, MD, a senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security.
It is also self-limiting, with symptoms typically ending in 3–4 days. Hand, foot and mouth disease is a childhood illness most commonly caused by infection by Coxsackie A virus or EV71. Encephalitis is rare manifestation of enterovirus infection; [49] when it occurs, the most frequent enterovirus found to be causing it is echovirus 9.