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Omnidirectional radiation patterns are produced by the simplest practical antennas, monopole and dipole antennas, consisting of one or two straight rod conductors on a common axis. Antenna gain (G) is defined as antenna efficiency (e) multiplied by antenna directivity (D) which is expressed mathematically as: =.
The category of simple antennas consists of dipoles, monopoles, and loop antennas. Nearly all can be made with a single segment of wire (ignoring the break made in the wire for the feedline connection). [citation needed] Dipoles and monopoles called linear antennas (or straight wire antennas) since their radiating parts lie along a single ...
The top shows the directive pattern of a horn antenna, the bottom shows the omnidirectional pattern of a simple vertical dipole antenna. In the field of antenna design the term radiation pattern (or antenna pattern or far-field pattern) refers to the directional (angular) dependence of the strength of the radio waves from the antenna or other ...
The J-pole antenna is an end-fed omnidirectional half-wave antenna that is matched to the feedline by a shorted quarter-wave parallel transmission line stub. [5] [1] [6] For a transmitting antenna to operate efficiently, absorbing all the power provided by its feedline, the antenna must be impedance matched to the line; it must have a resistance equal to the feedline's characteristic impedance.
Due to their omnidirectional radiation pattern, vertical monopole antennas are commonly used in terrestrial radio communication systems in which the direction to the transmitter or receiver is unknown or constantly changing, [7] such as broadcasting, mobile two-way radios, and wireless devices like cellphones and Wi-fi networks, [8] [4] because they radiate equal radio power in all horizontal ...
The operator rotated the antenna, looking for points where the signal either reached a maximum or, more commonly, suddenly disappeared or 'nulled'. A common RDF antenna design is the loop antenna, which is simply a loop of wire with a small gap in the circle, typically arranged to rotate around the vertical axis with the gap at the bottom. [3]
A common subtype is the bowtie antenna, essentially a flattened version of the biconical design which is often used for short-range UHF television reception. These are also sometimes referred to as butterfly antennas. [2] Sir Arthur Lodge is the inventor of the biconical antenna. [3] [4] Omnidirectional biconical antenna
John Dunlavy invented the log-periodic antenna in 1952 while working for the United States Air Force but was not credited with it due to its "Secret" classification. [13] The University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign had patented the Isbell and Mayes–Carrel antennas and licensed the design as a package exclusively to JFD Electronics in New ...