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Variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (vCJD), formerly known as New variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (nvCJD) and referred to colloquially as "mad cow disease" or "human mad cow disease" to distinguish it from its BSE counterpart, is a fatal type of brain disease within the transmissible spongiform encephalopathy family. [7]
Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD), also known as subacute spongiform encephalopathy or neurocognitive disorder due to prion disease, is a fatal neurodegenerative disease. [ 4 ] [ 1 ] Early symptoms include memory problems, behavioral changes, poor coordination, and visual disturbances. [ 4 ]
The United Kingdom was afflicted with an outbreak of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE, also known as "mad cow disease"), and its human equivalent variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (vCJD), in the 1980s and 1990s. Over four million head of cattle were slaughtered in an effort to contain the outbreak, and 178 people died after contracting ...
Spread to humans is believed to result in variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (vCJD). [3] The agent can be transmitted to humans by eating food contaminated with it. [18] Though any tissue may be involved, the highest risk to humans is believed to be from eating food contaminated with the brain, spinal cord, or digestive tract.
Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) was discovered in 1996 in England. There is strong evidence to suggest that vCJD was caused by the same prion as bovine spongiform encephalopathy. [41] A total of 231 cases of vCJD have been reported since it was first discovered.
The 2021 French moratorium on prion research was a three-month moratorium on research on prions in France. The moratorium was announced in July 2021 by several public research institutions after a retired lab worker was diagnosed with Variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease and came two years after the death of Émilie Jaumain from the same disease after acquiring it in a lab accident.
In the first category is Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), a quickly progressing, always fatal neurodegenerative condition. Just how the vast majority of patients develop the illness is unknown.
Following an epidemic of variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease in the UK in the 1990s, there have been campaigns to eliminate bovine spongiform encephalopathy in cattle across the European Union and beyond which have achieved large reductions in the number of cattle with this disease. [118] Cases of variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease have also ...