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Thylakoid structures Scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) imaging of thylakoid membranes 10-nm-thick STEM tomographic slice from a lettuce chloroplast. Grana stacks are interconnected by unstacked stromal thylakoids, called stroma lamellae .
A lamella (pl.: lamellae) in biology refers to a thin layer, membrane or plate of tissue. [1] This is a very broad definition, and can refer to many different structures. Any thin layer of organic tissue can be called a lamella and there is a wide array of functions an individual layer can serve.
(i) part of a chloroplast (thin extension of thylakoid joining different grana) (ii) the leading edge of motile cells, containing the lamellipodia; Lamella, a group of land crabs in the family Gecarcinucidae; Uroleptus lamella, a species of protozoans; Middle lamella, a pectin layer which cements the cell walls of two adjoining plant cells together
Figure 1 Multi-lamellar phase of aqueous lipid dispersions, each white lamella represents a lipid bilayer organization in liposome made by vortex-mixing of dried total lipid extract of spinach thylakoid membranes with distilled water.
The number of thylakoids and the total thylakoid area of a chloroplast is influenced by light exposure. Shaded chloroplasts contain larger and more grana with more thylakoid membrane area than chloroplasts exposed to bright light, which have smaller and fewer grana and less thylakoid area. Thylakoid extent can change within minutes of light ...
Within the envelope membranes, in the region called the stroma, there is a system of interconnecting flattened membrane compartments, called the thylakoids.The thylakoid membrane is quite similar in lipid composition to the inner envelope membrane, containing 78% galactolipids, 15.5% phospholipids and 6.5% sulfolipids in spinach chloroplasts. [3]
Within the stroma are grana (stacks of thylakoid), the sub-organelles where photosynthesis is started [2] before the chemical changes are completed in the stroma. [3] Photosynthesis occurs in two stages. In the first stage, light-dependent reactions capture the energy of light and use it to make the energy-storage molecules ATP and NADPH.
3 Thylakoid. 3.1 Thylakoid space (lumen) 3.2 Thylakoid membrane. 4 Stromal thylakoids (lamellæ or frets) 5 Granal thylakoids. 6 Stroma. 7 Nucleoid (DNA rings) 8 ...