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The Indian cobra (Naja naja /nadʒa nadʒa/), also known commonly as the spectacled cobra, Asian cobra, or binocellate cobra, is a species of cobra, a venomous snake in the family Elapidae. The species is native to the Indian subcontinent , and is a member of the "big four" species that are responsible for the most snakebite cases in India.
The most important factors in the difference of mortality rates among victims envenomated by cobras is the severity of the bite and which cobra species caused the envenomation. The Caspian cobra (N. oxiana) and the Philippine cobra (N. philippinensis) are the two cobra species with the most toxic venom based on LD 50 studies on mice.
The eastern coral snake or American cobra (Micrurus fulvius), which also does not rear upwards and produce a hood when threatened [4]: p.30 The false water cobra (Hydrodynastes gigas) is the only "cobra" species that is not a member of the Elapidae. It does not rear upwards, produces only a slight flattening of the neck when threatened, and is ...
Forest cobra (Naja melanoleuca), Kakamega Forest, Kenya. The forest cobra (Naja melanoleuca) is the largest true cobra of the genus Naja and is a bad-tempered and irritable snake when cornered or molested as handled in captivity. [60] According to Brown (1973) this species has a murine IP LD 50 value of 0.324 mg/kg, while the IV LD 50 value is ...
An Andaman cobra in a defensive posture With its hood lowered. The Andaman cobra is medium to large sized snake in length, is a heavy bodied snake with long cervical ribs capable of expansion to form a hood when threatened, it may also spit its venom into the eyes, although not as accurately as the true spitting cobras.
The king cobra is an apex predator and dominant over all other snakes except large pythons. [32] Its diet consists primarily of other snakes and lizards, including Indian cobra, banded krait, rat snake, pythons, green whip snake, keelback, banded wolf snake and Blyth's reticulated snake. [33]
Elapids are endemic to tropical and subtropical regions around the world, with terrestrial forms in Asia, Australia, Africa, and the Americas and marine forms in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Members of the family have a wide range of sizes, from the 18 cm (7.1 in) white-lipped snake to the 5.85 m (19 ft 2 in) king cobra.
The monocled cobra has an O-shaped, or monocellate hood pattern, unlike that of the Indian cobra, which has the "spectacle" pattern (two circular ocelli connected by a curved line) on the rear of its hood. The elongated nuchal ribs enable a cobra to expand the anterior of the neck into a “hood”. Coloration in the young is more constant.