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Native Hawaiians (also known as Indigenous Hawaiians, Kānaka Maoli, Aboriginal Hawaiians, or simply Hawaiians; Hawaiian: kānaka, kānaka ʻōiwi, Kānaka Maoli, and Hawaiʻi maoli) are the Indigenous Polynesian people of the Hawaiian Islands. Hawaii was settled at least 800 years ago by Polynesians who sailed from the Society Islands. The ...
The Japanese in Hawaii (simply Japanese Hawaiians or “Local Japanese”, rarely Kepanī) are the second largest ethnic group in Hawaii. At their height in 1920, they constituted 43% of Hawaii's population. [2] They now number about 16.7% of the islands' population, according to the 2000 U.S. Census. The U.S. Census categorizes mixed-race ...
The first native workers from the Hawaiian Islands (called the "Sandwich Islands" at the time) arrived on the Tonquin in 1811 to clear the site and help build Fort Astoria, as undertaken by the Pacific Fur Company. Nearly 12 Kanakas or a third of the workforce wintered over among "Astorians".
In Hawaii, the term can be used in conjunction with other Hawaiian racial and ethnic descriptors to specify a particular racial or ethnic mixture. [2] [3] An example of this is hapa haole (part European/White). [18] [19] Pukui states that the original meaning of the word haole was "foreigner." Therefore, all non-Hawaiians can be called haole. [20]
It is rude to refer to the locals as "natives" or "Hawaiians". Only ethnically Native Hawaiians should be called "Hawaiians". Native Hawaiians, especially those involved in the sovereignty movement, often refer to themselves as "kanaka maoli" or "poʻe ʻōiwi." Non-Hawaiians who were born on the islands are generally referred to as "locals" to ...
According to the Office of Management and Budget, "Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander" refers to a person having origins in any of the original peoples of Hawaii, Guam, Samoa, or other Pacific Islands. [56] Eight out of 10 Pacific Islanders in the United States are native to the United States.
The origins of the word predate the 1778 arrival of Captain James Cook, as recorded in several chants stemming from that time. [4] [5] The term was generally given to people of European descent; however, as more distinct terms began to be applied to individual European cultures and other non-European nations, the word haole began to refer mostly to Americans, including American Blacks (who ...
Isabella Abbott (1919–2010), educator, phycologist, and ethnobotanist; she was the first native Hawaiian woman to receive a PhD in science; Lilia Wahinemaikaʻi Hale (1913 – 2003), educator, musician, and prominent champion of ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi