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Snap is a software packaging and deployment system developed by Canonical for operating systems that use the Linux kernel and the systemd init system. The packages, called snaps, and the tool for using them, snapd, work across a range of Linux distributions [3] and allow upstream software developers to distribute their applications directly to users.
A software repository, or repo for short, is a storage location for software packages. Often a table of contents is also stored, along with metadata. A software repository is typically managed by source or version control, or repository managers. Package managers allow automatically installing and updating repositories, sometimes called "packages".
Diagram showing an example file structure of a .deb file Frhed hex editor displaying the raw data of a Debian package. Prior to Debian 0.93, a package consisted of a file header and two concatenated gzip archives. [6] Since Debian 0.93, a deb package is implemented as an ar archive. [7] This archive contains three files in a specific order: [8] [9]
YUM's XML repository, built with input from many other developers, quickly became the standard for RPM-based repositories. [31] Besides the distributions that use YUM directly, SUSE Linux 10.1 [33] added support for YUM repositories in YaST, and the Open Build Service repositories use the YUM XML repository format metadata. [31]
git add [file], which adds a file to git's working directory (files about to be committed). git commit -m [commit message], which commits the files from the current working directory (so they are now part of the repository's history). A .gitignore file may be created in a Git repository as a plain text file.
In addition to network repositories, compact discs and other storage media (USB keydrive, hard disks...) can be used as well, using apt-cdrom [16] or adding file:/ URI [17] to the source list file. apt-cdrom can specify a folder other than a CD-ROM, using the -d option (i.e. a hard disk or a USB keydrive). The Debian CDs available for download ...
Modern Linux distributions include a /sys directory as a virtual filesystem (sysfs, comparable to /proc, which is a procfs), which stores and allows modification of the devices connected to the system, [20] whereas many traditional Unix-like operating systems use /sys as a symbolic link to the kernel source tree.
Nemo version 1.0.0 was released in July 2012 along with version 1.6 of Cinnamon, [3] [better source needed] reaching version 1.1.2 in November 2012. [4] It started as a fork of the GNOME file manager Nautilus v3.4 [5] [6] [7] [better source needed] after the developers of the operating system Linux Mint considered that "Nautilus 3.6 is a catastrophe".