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The Test of Essential Academic Skills (TEAS Test) is a standardized, multiple choice entrance exam for students applying to nursing and allied health programs in the United States. [1] It is often used to determine the preparedness of potential students to enter into a nursing or allied health program.
The Graduate Pharmacy Aptitude Test (GPAT) is a computer-based standardised test in India conducted by the National Board of Examinations in Medical Sciences (NBEMS) on behalf of the Pharmacy Council of India (PCI), to determine the eligibility of candidates for admission to the Master of Pharmacy (M. Pharm) programme in Indian government and private universities, colleges, and institutes.
In medicine and pharmacology, a trough level or trough concentration (C trough) is the concentration reached by a drug immediately before the next dose is administered, [1] [2] often used in therapeutic drug monitoring.
AT 2 receptors are more plentiful in the fetus and neonate. The AT 2 receptor remains enigmatic and controversial – is probably involved in vascular growth. Effects mediated by the AT 2 receptor are suggested to include inhibition of cell growth, fetal tissue development, modulation of extracellular matrix, neuronal regeneration, apoptosis, cellular differentiation, and maybe vasodilation ...
Metabolism of levodopa by catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) and aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC).COMT inhibitors prevent the conversion of levodopa to 3-O-methyldopa.
An adrenergic agonist is a drug that stimulates a response from the adrenergic receptors.The five main categories of adrenergic receptors are: α 1, α 2, β 1, β 2, and β 3, although there are more subtypes, and agonists vary in specificity between these receptors, and may be classified respectively.
Adrenergic antagonists reverse the natural cardiovascular effect, based on the type of adrenoreceptor being blocked. For example, if the natural activation of the α 1-adrenergic receptor leads to vasoconstriction, an α 1-adrenergic antagonist will result in vasodilation. [3]
In pharmacology, the elimination or excretion of a drug is understood to be any one of a number of processes by which a drug is eliminated (that is, cleared and excreted) from an organism either in an unaltered form (unbound molecules) or modified as a metabolite.