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The great variety of boranes show a huge covalent cluster chemistry, but the heavier group 13 hydrides do not. Despite their formulae, however, they tend to form polymers. Alane(aluminum trihydride) is a strong reducing agent with octahedrally coordinated aluminium atom
Boranes are chemical compounds of boron and hydrogen, with the generic formula of B x H y. These compounds do not occur in nature. Many of the boranes readily oxidise on contact with air, some violently. The parent member BH 3 is called borane, but it is known only in the gaseous state, and dimerises to form diborane, B 2 H 6. The larger ...
The boron atom in BH 3 has 6 valence electrons. Consequently, it is a strong Lewis acid and reacts with any Lewis base ('L' in equation below) to form an adduct: [7] BH 3 + L → L—BH 3. in which the base donates its lone pair, forming a dative covalent bond. Such compounds are thermodynamically stable, but may be easily oxidised in air.
A borane is a compound with the formula BR x H y although examples include multi-boron derivatives. A large family of boron hydride clusters is also known. In addition to some applications in organic chemistry , the boranes have attracted much attention as they exhibit structures and bonding that differs strongly from the patterns seen in ...
The cyclic compound borepin has been isolated and is aromatic. Boron-boron multiple bonds are rare, although doubly-bonded dianions have been known since the 1990s. [20] Neutral analogues use NHC adducts, such as the following diborane(2) derivative: [21] [22] Each boron atom has an attached proton and is coordinated to a NHC carbene. [23] [24]
Boron hydride clusters are compounds with the formula B x H y or related anions, where x ≥ 3. Many such cluster compounds are known. Common examples are those with 5, 10, and 12 boron atoms. Although they have few practical applications, the borane hydride clusters exhibit structures and bonding that differs strongly from the patterns seen in ...
Tetraborane (systematically named arachno-tetraborane(10)) was the first boron hydride compound to be discovered. [2] It was classified by Alfred Stock and Carl Massenez in 1912 and was first isolated by Stock. [3] It has a relatively low boiling point at 18 °C and is a gas at room temperature. Tetraborane gas is foul smelling and toxic.
Boron monohydride is formed when boron compounds are heated to a high temperature in the presence of hydrogen. [3] Boron monohydride is formed when the boron anion B − reacts with a hydrogen ion H +. It is also formed when atomic boron reacts with hydrogen. B + H 2 → BH + H. There is too much energy in the reaction for BH 2 to be stable. [4]