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The Emancipation Proclamation and the Thirteenth Amendment brought 4 million people out of slavery in the defunct Confederate States of America plus the four "border" slave states that did not secede. Many freed people were faced with the questions of where they would go and how they would support themselves to survive.
The Emancipation Proclamation, officially Proclamation 95, [2] [3] was a presidential proclamation and executive order issued by United States President Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863, during the American Civil War.
1863: The Emancipation Proclamation is issued. On Jan. 1, 1863, President Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation—but despite popular cultural opinion, it did not actually end ...
In the late 19th century, some Black communities in the North memorialized Emancipation on January 1, the day President Abraham Lincoln’s proclamation went into effect in 1863.
By the time the Emancipation Proclamation was issued in 1863, Tennessee was already under Union control. [37] Accordingly, the Proclamation applied only in the 10 remaining Confederate states. During the war, abolition of slavery was required by President Abraham Lincoln for readmission of Confederate states. [38]
Lincoln followed up on January 1, 1863 by formally issuing the final version of the Emancipation Proclamation, announcing that all slaves within the rebel states "are, and henceforward shall be free."
In fact, news of the Proclamation had reached Texas long before 1865, and many slaves knew about Lincoln's order emancipating them, but they had not been freed since the Union army had yet to reach Texas to enforce the Proclamation. Only after the arrival of the Union army and General Order No. 3 was the Proclamation widely enforced in Texas. [1]