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A data-flow diagram is a way of representing a flow of data through a process or a system (usually an information system). The DFD also provides information about the outputs and inputs of each entity and the process itself. A data-flow diagram has no control flow — there are no decision rules and no loops.
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A canonical example of a data-flow analysis is reaching definitions. A simple way to perform data-flow analysis of programs is to set up data-flow equations for each node of the control-flow graph and solve them by repeatedly calculating the output from the input locally at each node until the whole system stabilizes, i.e., it reaches a fixpoint.
A lane contains the flow objects, connecting objects and artifacts. Artifacts allow developers to bring some more information into the model/diagram. In this way the model/diagram becomes more readable. There are three pre-defined Artifacts, and they are: Data objects: Data objects show the reader which data is required or produced in an activity.
With a data flow diagram, users are able to visualize how the system will operate, what the system will accomplish, and how the system will be implemented. The old system's data flow diagrams can be drawn up and compared with the new system's data flow diagrams to draw comparisons to implement a more efficient system.
Control and data are most applicable for real time and data-driven systems. These flow analyses transform logic and data requirements text into graphic flows which are easier to analyze than the text. PERT, state transition, and transaction diagrams are examples of control-flow diagrams. [4]
For example, borrowing $50,000 at 9% over 15 years would cost about $507 monthly vs. $1,038 monthly at the same rate over five years, with a tradeoff that you’ll pay more in overall interest.
Flow: Movement of data or material in the process. External Entity: External to the modeled system, but interacts with it. Now, with these symbols, a process can be represented as a network of these symbols. This decomposed process is a DFD, data flow diagram. Example of functional decomposition in a systems analysis.