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Romani people in Ellis Island, United States, 1905. In Brazil, the Roma are mainly called ciganos by non-Romani Brazilians. Most of them belong to the ethnic subgroup Calés (Kale) of the Iberian peninsula.
The migration of the Romani people through the Middle East and Northern Africa to Europe. The key shows the century of arrival in that area, e.g., S.XII is the 12th century. Romani people first arrived in Europe via the Balkans sometime between the 9th and 14th centuries from north India, through Iran, Armenia, and Anatolia. [33] [34] [35]
The Romani language is spoken by millions of Romani people throughout the world. [80] It is of the Indo-Aryan branch. Many Romani people can speak two or more languages. It is not considered an official language because it varies from tribe to tribe. [81] Romani is influenced by Persian, Greek, Armenian, Iranic, Georgian and Arabic. [82] [83]
There has been an increased consciousness of the existence of the Roma as an American people after the Cold War, but there remains a sense of mythology around the group. [5] An announcement made on New York television station WABC referred to Romani people as 'real live Gypsies', suggesting a question mark on their existence. [8]
Romani people in Romania, locally and pejoratively [2] referred to as the Țigani (IPA: [t͡siˈɡanʲ]), constitute the second largest ethnic minority in the country (the first being Hungarians). According to the 2021 census, their number was 569,477 people and 3.4% of the total population. [1]
The issue here is that this term — the G-word — is more widely recognizable than the preferred term “Romani people” or “the Roma.” But when used by non-Romani people, the G-word is a ...
The word cigány can also be used to mean Roma culture in a neutral manner, rather than Romani people (cigányzene), this meaning is embraced by most Hungarian Roma. The name originates with Byzantine Greek ἀτσίγγανοι ( atsinganoi , Latin adsincani ) or ἀθίγγανοι ( athinganoi , literally "untouchables"), a term applied to ...
There were Romani people with Christopher Columbus on his third voyage to Hispaniola in 1498. [10] Some countries do not collect data by ethnicity. As of the early 2000s, an estimated 4 to 9 million Romani people lived in Europe and Asia Minor, [11] although some Romani organizations estimate numbers as high as 14 million. [12]