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In audio, 0 dBm often corresponds to approximately 0.775 volts, since 0.775 V dissipates 1 mW in a 600 Ω load. [16] The corresponding voltage level is 0 dBu , without the 600 Ω restriction. Conversely, for RF situations with a 50 Ω load, 0 dBm corresponds to approximately 0.224 volts, since 0.224 V dissipates 1 mW in a 50 Ω load.
The electric field strength at a specific point can be determined from the power delivered to the transmitting antenna, its geometry and radiation resistance. Consider the case of a center-fed half-wave dipole antenna in free space, where the total length L is equal to one half wavelength (λ/2).
IARU Region 1 Technical Recommendation R.1 defines S9 for the HF bands to be a receiver input power of -73 dBm. This is a level of 50 microvolts at the receiver's antenna input assuming the input impedance of the receiver is 50 ohms. For VHF bands the recommendation defines S9 to be a receiver input power of -93 dBm. This is the equivalent of 5 ...
The decibel unloaded reference voltage, 0 dBu, is the AC voltage required to produce 1 mW of power across a 600 Ω impedance (approximately 0.7746 V RMS). [2] This awkward unit is a holdover from the early telephone standards, which used 600 Ω sources and loads, and measured dissipated power in decibel-milliwatts ( dBm ).
A power level of 0 dBm corresponds to one milliwatt, and 1 dBm is one decibel greater (about 1.259 mW). In professional audio specifications, a popular unit is the dBu . This is relative to the root mean square voltage which delivers 1 mW (0 dBm) into a 600-ohm resistor, or √ 1 mW × 600 Ω ≈ 0.775 V RMS .
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A common voltage for medium-size electric lanterns. [19] A voltage for older electric systems of automobiles. Deca-10 1: 12 V Typical car battery [20] Hecto-10 2: 100–240 V Domestic wall socket voltage [21] 600 V Electric eel sends this voltage in an average attack 630 V London Underground railway tracks Kilo-10 3: 2450 V
More specifically, when the 0 dBm0 periodic sequence as given in Table 2, in either mu-law or A-law as appropriate, is applied to the decoder at the digital reference point, a 1 kHz, 0.775 volt RMS sine-wave signal appears at the decoder output. 0 dBm0 is 3.14 (A-law) or 3.17 (mu-law) dB below digital full scale.