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  2. Straw man - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Straw_man

    The typical straw man argument creates the illusion of having refuted or defeated an opponent's proposition through the covert replacement of it with a different proposition (i.e., "stand up a straw man") and the subsequent refutation of that false argument ("knock down a straw man"), instead of the opponent's proposition.

  3. Progymnasmata - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progymnasmata

    Students used personification or ethopoeia by forming a speech ascribed to the ghost of a known person or of an imaginary or mythological character from past, present, or future times. This exercise was intended to request students to perform it with clarity, conciseness, and floridity.

  4. Counterargument - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counterargument

    A counterargument can be issued against an argument retroactively from the point of reference of that argument. This form of counterargument — invented by the presocratic philosopher Parmenides – is commonly referred to as a retroactive refutation. [3]

  5. Objection (argument) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Objection_(argument)

    In the first example argument map, the objector can't find anything contentious in the stated premises of the argument, but still disagrees with the conclusion; the objection is therefore placed beside the main premise and, in this case, exactly corresponds to an unstated or 'hidden' co-premise. This is demonstrated by the second example ...

  6. Argument - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argument

    For example, if A. Plato was mortal, and B. Socrates was like Plato in other respects, then asserting that C. Socrates was mortal is an example of argument by analogy because the reasoning employed in it proceeds from a particular truth in a premise (Plato was mortal) to a similar particular truth in the conclusion, namely that Socrates was mortal.

  7. Policy debate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Policy_debate

    The first speech each person gives is called a “constructive” speech, because it is the speech when the first person of the team speaks positively, presenting the team's main idea without rebuttals that have not occurred, presents the basic arguments they will make throughout the debate.

  8. How parents of girls can help with shaming dress codes ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/lifestyle/parents-girls-help-shaming...

    Tween and teen girls are often hit with dress code violations that can feel like shaming. Experts say it's OK for parents to empower their daughters to speak up.

  9. Glossary of policy debate terms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_policy_debate...

    The reason why, for example, "Turn the Link" is preferred speech over saying "Link Turn" is the action in the argument prefaces the rationale, the middle argument to be argued or proven or presented, and moves the debate forward as a matter of understanding and separates whose argument is whose rather than assuming the movement of the debate is ...