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Necrotizing fasciitis (NF), also known as flesh-eating disease, is an infection that kills the body's soft tissue. [3] It is a serious disease that begins and spreads quickly. [ 3 ] Symptoms include red or purple or black skin, swelling, severe pain, fever , and vomiting. [ 3 ]
The Eagle effect, Eagle phenomenon, or paradoxical zone phenomenon, named after Harry Eagle who first described it, originally referred to the paradoxically reduced antibacterial effect of penicillin at high doses, [1] [2] though recent usage generally refers to the relative lack of efficacy of beta lactam antibacterial drugs on infections having large numbers of bacteria. [3]
Clindamycin is a lincosamide antibiotic medication used for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections, including osteomyelitis (bone) or joint infections, pelvic inflammatory disease, strep throat, pneumonia, acute otitis media (middle ear infections), and endocarditis. [5]
Fasciitis is an inflammation of the fascia, [1] which is the connective tissue surrounding muscles, blood vessels and nerves. In particular, it often involves one of the following diseases: Necrotizing fasciitis
Specialized culture media have been developed to better differentiate between MSSA and MRSA and, in some cases, such media can be used to identify specific strains that are resistant to different antibiotics. [70]: 402 Other strains of S. aureus have emerged that are resistant to oxacillin, clindamycin, teicoplanin, and erythromycin.
Clindamycin alone has been shown to be efficacious in the treatment of acne, [24] toxic shock syndrome [25] and malaria, [26] and to decrease the risk of premature births in women with bacterial vaginosis. [27] Lincosamide antibiotics may also be useful in the treatment of methicillin-resistant S. aureus. [28]
S. pyogenes invasion and multiplication in the fascia beneath the skin can lead to necrotizing fasciitis, a life-threatening surgical emergency. [35] [36] The bacterium is also an important cause of infection in newborns, who are susceptible to some forms of the infection that are rarely seen in adults, including meningitis. [37] [38]
Eosinophilic fasciitis (/ ˌ iː ə ˌ s ɪ n ə ˈ f ɪ l ɪ k ˌ f æ ʃ i ˈ aɪ t ɪ s, ˌ iː oʊ-,-ˌ f æ s i-/ [2] [3]), also known as Shulman's syndrome, [4] is an inflammatory disease that affects the fascia, other connective tissues, surrounding muscles, blood vessels and nerves.