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The promoter resembles an eukaryotic one, though much simplified. It contains BRE and TATA elements and are recognized by TFB and TBP. [3] Promoters represent critical elements that can work in concert with other regulatory regions (enhancers, silencers, boundary elements/insulators) to direct the level of transcription of a given gene. A ...
The promoters used for these vector are usually based on the promoter of the lac operon or the T7 promoter, [11] and they are normally regulated by the lac operator. These promoters may also be hybrids of different promoters, for example, the Tac-Promoter is a hybrid of trp and lac promoters. [12]
Regulation of gene expression by a hormone receptor Diagram showing at which stages in the DNA-mRNA-protein pathway expression can be controlled. Regulation of gene expression, or gene regulation, [1] includes a wide range of mechanisms that are used by cells to increase or decrease the production of specific gene products (protein or RNA).
Topoisomerase inhibitor classes have been derived from a wide variety of disparate sources, with some being natural products first extracted from plants (camptothecin, [10] etoposide [13]) or bacterial samples (doxorubicin, [14] indolocarbazole [15]), while others possess purely synthetic, and often accidental, origins (quinolone, [11 ...
Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDIs) have a long history of use in psychiatry and neurology as mood stabilizers and anti-epileptics, for example, valproic acid. In more recent times, HDIs are being studied as a mitigator or treatment for neurodegenerative diseases.
Methods to study promoter activity commonly are based in the expression of a reporter gene from the promoter of the gene of interest. [16] [2] [17] Mutations and deletions are made in a promoter region, and their changes on couple expression of the reporter gene are measured. [18] The most important reporter genes are the fluorescence proteins ...
Both wounding of the plant as well as signaling molecules result in the formation of jasmonic acid, which then induces the gene expression of proteinase inhibitors. Many other signal cascades as well as the translocation of signal molecules through the phloem and xylem of the plant are also necessary for the production of these inhibitors.
A ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) is a protein synthesis inhibitor that acts at the eukaryotic ribosome. [2] This protein family describes a large family of such proteins that work by acting as rRNA N-glycosylase (EC 3.2.2.22).