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The Burmese alphabet (Burmese: မြန်မာအက္ခရာ myanma akkha.ya, pronounced [mjəmà ʔɛʔkʰəjà]) is an abugida used for writing Burmese. It is ultimately adapted from a Brahmic script, either the Kadamba or Pallava alphabet of South India. The Burmese alphabet is also used for the liturgical languages of Pali and Sanskrit.
It is the basis of the alphabets used for modern Burmese, Mon, Shan, Rakhine, Jingpho, and Karen. [ 3 ] The Mon-Burmese script is distinguished from Khmer-derived scripts (e.g., Khmer and Thai) by its basis on Pali orthography (they traditionally lack Sanskrit letters representing the sibilants <ś> and <ṣ> and the vocalic sonorants <ṛ> and ...
In 2007, Burmese was spoken by 33 million people as a first language. [5] Burmese is spoken as a second language by another 10 million people, particularly ethnic minorities in Burma and those in neighbouring countries. [6] Burmese is a Sino-Tibetan language belonging to the Southern Burmish branch of the Tibeto-Burman languages.
In written Burmese, the letters of the English alphabet are transcribed according to how the name of the letter sounds to the Burmese ear. [1]
This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Burmese on Wikipedia. It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Burmese in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them.
Burmese is distinguished from other major Southeast Asian languages by its extensive case marking system and rich morphological inventory. [8] [9] It is a member of the Lolo-Burmese grouping of the Sino-Tibetan language family. The Burmese alphabet is ultimately descended from a Brahmic script, either the Kadamba or Pallava alphabets.
The Western Pwo alphabet (Pwo Western Karen: ၦဖျိၩ့ၡိအလံၬခၪ့ထံၭ /pə pʰloúɴ ɕô ʔə leiʔ kʰàɴ tʰeiʔ/) is an abugida used for writing Western Pwo language. It was derived from the Burmese script in the early 19th century, and ultimately from either the Kadamba or Pallava alphabet of South India.
The next three letters of the alphabet, kho khwai (ค), kho khon (ฅ), and kho ra-khang (ฆ), are also named kho, however, they all fall under the low class of Thai consonants. Unlike many Indic scripts, Thai consonants do not form conjunct ligatures, and use the pinthu — an explicit virama with a dot shape—to indicate bare consonants.